BACTERIOLOGY IN A NUTSHELL. 
Progress 
of Other 
Scientists. 
germ of chicken cholera in 1880.) In 1884, also, 
the germ of diphtheria, called the bacillus diph¬ 
theria^ was discovered by Loeffler, and the bacill¬ 
us of tetanus, called the bacillus tetani, by Ni- 
colaier. 
The germ which causes “la grippe” was dis¬ 
covered in 1892 by Pfeiffer.^ Loeffler, Nicolaier, 
Pfeiffer, are all of German nationality. (Leud- 
wig Pfeiffer, born at Eisenach in 1842, lives at 
Weimar.) 
In 1894 came the discovery of the germ of the 
Eastern bubonic plague by Yersin, a Japanese. 
In 1897. the discovery of the bacillus of yellow 
fever was reported by Sanarelli, a Spaniard. 
This germ was not accepted because it failed to 
comply with certain requisite scientific tests. 
(Koch’s circuit,, spoken- of in chapter IV, was 
not proven.) The same is said of the germ 
found in carcinomatous specimens, and of the 
germ of small-pox reported by T)r. William T, 
Councilman of Harvard College, in the spring oi 
1904. Other discoveries are frequently reported. 
Syphilis is believed to be due to a micro-organ¬ 
ism which as yet remains undiscovered, although 
with other germs it is still being carefully sought 
after. 
SUMMARY OF CHAPTER I. 
The earliest days of bacteriology said to be 
traceable to the time of Caesar, in whose day a 
Roman writer hinted at the invasion of the human 
structure by “creatures” invisible to the naked 
eye and of their power to produce diseases. 
The perfection of the single lens. Nationality 
of die perfector. Discoveries of this scientist 
during the seventeenth century under the single 
16 
