BRIEF HISTORY OF BACTERIOLOGY. 
give the credit (or discredit) for causing this 
disease to the micro-organism observed by Gen¬ 
eral Sternberg* * of the United States Army; 
others to the diplococcus lanceolatus, discovered 
by *Fr3enkel of Berlin, who was professor at 
Halle. Recent investigation has shown that the 
diplococcus discovered by Fraenkel is probably 
the sole cause of genuine acute, lobar pneumonia, 
although other germs, one of which is the 
“pneumo-bacillus of Friedlander,” are said to be 
sometimes found associated with this form of the 
disease. Several germs are believed to be capable 
of causing broncho-pneumonia. 
In 1882 the name of Robert Koch* sprang into 
fame when he made the greatest of his many dis¬ 
coveries—the germ which is the c^use of all 
forms of tuberculosis. This discovery is not only 
to be considered the greatest of Koch's discover¬ 
ies, but one of the greatest discoveries of the age, 
as to tuberculosis, in one or another of its forms, 
is due at least one-sixth of all the deaths which 
occur yearly in the human family. Had the rem¬ 
edy for this disease, prepared by Koch, proven a 
success, he would have immortalized his name in 
very deed. 
In 1884 Koch made another discovery, namely, 
the comma bacillus of cholera; so called because 
of its peculiar shape. (Pasteur discovered the 
* Authorities assert that the germ observed by Stern¬ 
berg and the diplococcus lanceolatus are probably iden¬ 
tical. Fraenkel associated the germ with pneumonia 
causation; Sternberg apparently did not. 
*Koch, born at Klausthal, Germany, in 1843. Led 
the German expedition which in 1883 went to Egypt 
and India to investigate cholera. In 1890 announced 
a cure for tuberculosis, the power of which experience 
did not demonstrate. 
Koch’s 
Discoveries. 
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