OF ORNAMENTAL ANNUALS. 
85 
CHAPTER XII. 
CISTACEA5. 
Essential Character. —Calyx of five unequal sepals. Petals five. Stamens definite or indefinite, hypogynous. 
1—5-celled, many-seeded. Placentas parietal.—(G. Don.) 
Capsule 3—5-valved, 
GENUS I. 
HELIANTHEMUM, Town. THE SUN-ROSE. 
Lin. Syst. POLYANDRIA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. —Calyx of three equal sepals or of five unequal sepals. Capsule triquetrous, 1 -celled, 3-valved, with a narrow dissepiment 
or a placentarious nerve in the middle of each valve.—(G. Don.) 
1.—HELIANTHEMUM GUTTATUM, Mill. THE SPOTTED SUN-ROSE. 
Synonymes. —Cistus guttatus, Lin. C. acuminatus, Viv. 
Engravings. —Eng. Bot. 544, 2nd Edition, vol. v. t. 758 ; and 
our fig. 7, in Plate 15. 
Specific Character. —Rather hairy. Leaves opposite, sessile, oblong- 
linear, 3-nerved, villously-hairy, uppermost ones alternate. Racemes 
loose, bractless. Pedicels filiform, almost naked ; outer sepals one 
half shorter than the inner ones.—(G. Don.) 
Description, &c. —A very pretty little flower, almost the only annual of all the extensive genus to which it 
belongs. There are several varieties of it, differing very little from each other. It is a native of Britain and 
the whole of Europe; its seeds may be had in any seed-shop, and they may he sown in March or April. 
CHAPTER XIII. 
VIOLACE/E. 
Essential Character. —Sepals 5, equal or unequal. Corolla spurred 
of 5 petals, regular or irregular. Stamens 5, perigynous. Filaments 
drawn out each into a scale beyond the anther; two of the filaments in 
irregular flowers are furnished with an appendage each, which are 
drawn within the spur. Capsule one-cellcd, three-valved, many- 
seeded. Placentas three parietal.—(G. Don.) 
GENUS I. 
VIOLA, Town. THE VIOLET. 
Lin. Syst. PENTANDRJA MONOGYNIA. 
Generic Character. —Calyx with unequal sepals, all drawn out at anterior anthers furnished with long awl-like appendages. Capsule 
the base more or less into ear-like appendages. Lower petal drawn triagonal. Valves opening with elasticity.—(G. Don.) 
out at the base into a hollow spur. Stamens approximate, the two 
1 .—VIOLA TRICOLOR, Lin. THE THREE-COLOURED VIOLET, OR COMMON HEARTSEASE. 
Engravings.— Eng. Bot. t. 1287, 2nd Edit. vol. ii. t.; and our 
figs. 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7, iu Plate 14. 
Varieties. —These are very numerous; amounting indeed to above 
a thousand, most of which can scarcely be called varieties, as they are 
in fact hybrids between the annual species V. tricolor, and the perennial 
kinds V. grandiflora, V. altaica, V. amoena, &c. These hybrids partake 
in so much of the character of V. tricolor, that they will all blossom 
about two months after sowing their seed ; while they have so much of 
the perennial about them, that they may be propagated by cuttings, &c., 
and thus kept alive several years. Among the varieties now iu cul¬ 
tivation are, Allen’s John Bull {fig. 6), Allen’s Minerva {fig. 5), 
Enterprise {fig. 4), Fairburn’s Anna Maria {fig. 7), Brown’s Tiger, 
{fig. 3), which are all old lands, and to which may be added many 
others. The best new kinds in 1838, we are told by Mr. Hopgood, were 
Victoria with a white ground ; Trafalgar straw colour and purple ; Venus 
fine eye; Chimpanzee fine purple; Gem; and Dcsdemona superb 
yellow. To these might be added many others, but as fresh ones are 
brought forward every season, it w'ould be of little use to enumerate 
them. 
Specific Character. —Root somcwdiat fusiform. Stems branched, 
diffuse. Lower leaves ovate-cordate, deeply crenate. Stipulas run- 
ciately-pinnatifid, with the middle lobe crenated. Petals incumbent, 
with short claws ; spur thick, obtuse, not stretched out; nectaries 
short. Seeds oblong-ovate.—(G. Don.) 
Description, &c. —The flowers of the wild Heartsease consist of five petals ; the two upper of which are 
much larger than the lower ones, and of a different colour. The two upper petals are generally purple, and the 
