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bear any blossoms till they are seven or eight years old. They are, however, occasionally propagated by cuttings or 
by layers. The plants should be potted in a loamy soil, mixed with vegetable mould and the remains of an old 
hotbed, as they require a somewhat rich but stiff soil. They may be kept in a dormant state at a temperature of 
40° during winter; but they should not be exposed to a greater degree of cold, as though they will bear some frost 
without being killed by it, the beauty of their leaves and flowers will be quite destroyed. Orange trees may be 
kept through the winter in a house with an opaque roof; but when this is the case, great care should be taken to 
give them plenty of air, and to prevent them from being affected by the damp, as damp is quite as injurious to them 
as cold. Even in the growing season, orange trees do not require a great deal of water, but care should be taken 
that they have enough, by piercing the ball of earth containing the roots in several places with an iron rod, as 
unless this is done, the mass of earth in the pot or tub often becomes quite hard, and the water runs down its sides, 
between the earth and the pot, without penetrating into the centre. The trees are generally kept in boxes, which are 
made to open on each side in order to allow the gardener to examine the roots; and a box for a tree seven or eight 
feet high, with a well-formed head of six feet in diameter, ought to be about four feet square. The trees are 
generally pruned in February, and only the ill-placed branches are cut out, unless the fruit is an object, in which 
case the branches should be thinned and shortened like other fruit trees. The orange trees which are imported 
from Italy have generally been so severely cut in as to be two years before they come into blossom properly, but 
when they do, they usually form handsome trees. In choosing the plants at an Italian warehouse, it is not always 
advisable to select those which have the strongest roots, and appear the most healthy trees, as they are usually 
either Shaddocks or Citrons, and of course are less valuable, both in their flowers and fruit, than the Sweet 
Oranges. Oranges will remain on the tree for two or three years, but Lemons drop as soon as they are ripe. 
6.—CITRUS VULGARIS Risso. THE SEVILLE ORANGE. 
Synonymes.—C, Aurantinm Ker; C. A. indicum Gall.; C. Biga- | | Eneravines.—Nouveau Duhamel, vol. vii., t. 30. Of the variety 
radia Ferr.; C. sinensis Pers.; C. Calot Lag. C. Aurantium myrtifolia, Bot. Reg., t. 346. 
Varieties.— C. y. corniculata Risso, the horned Seville Orange; Sprcrric Cuaracrer.—Petioles winged. Leaves elliptical, acumi- 
C. y. folio crispa Risso, the bouquette Seville Orange; C. v. multi- | nate, crenulated. Flowers with twenty stamens. Fruit globose, 
flora Risso, the many-flowered Seville Orange; C. y. flore-pleno Risso, | with a thin, scabrous, or smooth rind, and a bitter acrid pulp. 
the double-fiowered Seville Orange; and C. v. myrtifolia Risso, | (G. Don.) 
syn. C, Aurantium myrtifolia Ker, the Myrtle-leayed Seville Orange. 
Descrietion, &c.—This species does not form quite so large a tree as the sweet Orange. The petioles have 
heart-shaped wings, the flowers are white, and the filaments of the stamens are flat. The rind of the fruit is sweet- 
scented, but the pulp, which is divided into twelve or fourteen cells, contains a bitter acid juice. The fruit is 
used in making wine and marmalade, and also in medicine; and the best orange water is obtained by distillation 
from the flowers. There are many varieties of the Seville Orange, but perhaps the most distinct are those men- 
tioned below. The Horned Orange has a tall tree, with large leaves and fruit, the pulp of the latter being divided 
into fourteen cells separated from each other by pith, but without any marked centre, so that when the orange is 
cut across, it has somewhat the appearance of a Pomegranate. Hau de Bigarade is made from the flowers of 
this variety. The Boquettier is a small tree, thickly covered with leaves, which are curiously curled up. The 
flowers are produced six or seven together; they have six petals each, and have the fragrance of the Lily of the 
Valley. The fruit has a tubercled and very thick rind, which contains a bitter acid pulp. The many-flowered and 
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