Conglomerates in Gneissic Terranes — A.Winchell. 168 
erally recognized as a syenite. It has indeed passed almost 
beyond the stage of alteration in which traces of sedimentary 
bedding remain. Nor is there any considerable mass of crystal¬ 
line schists within less than five miles of Wonder island. The 
evidence for fragmental origins is thus carried fully into the 
midst of those crystalline masses so commonly regarded as 
centres of molten eruption. 
The earliest mention which I find recorded of any analogous 
phenomena in the old world is by Dr. Sauer of Leipzig.* In the 
valley of the Mittweida near Annaberg, and about twenty-five 
miles south of Chemnitz, occurs a section of crushed conglomer¬ 
ate intercalated among the gneisses and mica-schists distributed 
over that part of Saxony. This appears, from the accounts, 
quite analogous to the pebble-bearing beds of the Green Moun¬ 
tains. I avail myself of a description of this occurrence recently 
published by Professor Hughes.f The complete sequence was 
not observed, but the vicinity is generally underlaid by musco¬ 
vite schists and gneissic rocks. At 0 bermittweida, a grey 
feldspathic granular rock occurs, with apparently superinduced 
schistosity. In this were seen scattered pebbles of felsitic and 
quartzose rock which soon became so numerous that the rock 
was obviously a coarse conglomerate. “In the conglomerate 
were fissile sandy beds which, even when crushed, were quite 
unlike the mica-schists which cropped out above and below.’* 
According to a diagram given, the series of beds dip about 40 Q . 
In theorizing on the occurrence, professor Hughes remarks 
that “there was plenty of room for, and strong probability of, 
a fault along the valley below the section.” “On the whole, I 
was inclined to believe,” he says, “from an examination of the 
rock in the field, that the conglomerate might belong to quite 
newer beds caught in a sharp synclinal fold.” In support of 
this conclusion, he says: “The character of the two rocks, that 
is, of the gneissic series and the two beds associated with the 
*“Ueber Conglomerate in der GlimmerscMefer-formation des S&ch- 
sischen Erzgebirge s’ 1 — Zeitschrift Fur die gesammten NaturwissenscJiaften , 
Band lii, S. 706, 1879. The occurrence is noted on the Geologische Special- 
karte von Sachen , Massstab 1-25,000, Section Elterlein, nebsit zugehdrigea 
Erlaiiterungen. Prof. Justus Roth of Berlin, published a paper on these 
conglomerates in 1888, in Sitzungsberichte der Kgl. Freuss. Akad. der Wis- 
sensch. zu Berlin, 1883, (Physikal-mathemat. Klasse,) xxviii, 14 Mai; and 
he later mentioned* them in Allgemeine u. Ghemische Geol ,, ii, Bd., S. 427- 
428, Berim, 1887. Roth gives a full account, copied from Sauer. 
t Quar. Jour. Geol. Soc. Lond. xliv, Feb. 1, 1888, pp. 20-24. 
