24 
GUMS. 
Tam.arindus indica , L. (Siyambala, S.; Puli, T.; Taraarind; Fl.Cey., 
II., 114), Indian, cultivated in Ceylon, is said to yield a blackish 
partly soluble gum. 
Terminalia belerica, Roxb. (Bulu, S.; Tanti, T.; Fl. (jey., II., 159), 
common in low-country, mostly planted, Indo-Malayan, is said to yield 
abundant gum of bassorin type. T. Catappa, L. (Kottamba, S.; 
Country Almond), planted in Ceylon, yields a dark gum in India. 
Trema orientalis, L. (Gedumba, S.; Fl. Cey., IY., 82), common in 
Ceylon, is said to yield gum. 
Wrightia zeylanica,'Bi\ (Wal-idda, Sudu-idda, S.; FI. Cey., III., 137), 
common in low-country, is said to yield a gum. 
Sub-section 2, Resins. 
Resins are the product of secretion or disintegration of the 
internal tissues or cells of plants; they are usually formed 
in special cavities or passages, and escape to the surface if 
wounds are made in the bark. They are usually collected at 
wounds made for the purpose, often on a very large scale. 
Resins are insoluble in water, but are mostly soluble in 
alcohol, ether, and carbon disulphide ; they burn with a sooty 
flame. They may be roughly divided into three classes, 
resins, gum-resins (more or less of gum mixed with true 
resin), and balsams (more or less fluid, either resins dis¬ 
solved in ethereal oils, such as Canada balsam and turpentine, 
or resin-like fluids, such as Balsam of Peru). 
Resins are sometimes brought to market in the form 
assumed by the exudations, e.g drop-like or stalactitic (cf. 
p. 16), sometimes in large tubers which are dug up from 
the soil in the neighbourhood of the trees, or even in places 
where trees no longer exist, and sometimes in various 
artificial forms—tears, cylinders, flakes, &c. The surface 
may be smooth, or marked by characteristic facets, cracks, 
&c., caused by shrinking or weathering. 
The cleavage is commonly vitreous or conchoidal, the 
lustre usually vitreous, the colour often characteristic, yellow, 
brown, or red, or sometimes colourless. Some resins are 
