RESINS. 
31 
Doona cordifolia , Thw. (Beraliya, S.; Fl. Cey., I., 122), D. macro- 
phylla , Thw. (Honda-beraliya, S.), and D. ovalifolia , Thw. (Pini- 
beraliya, S.), rare in wet low-country, endemic, give good resins, which 
should be of value for varnish. D. zeylanica (Dun, S.; the Doon; 
FL Cey., I., 119), common in wet zone to 4,000 feet, also yields a 
good colourless resin. All these might be used as substitutes for 
dammar, and are worth investigation. 
Dorema Ammoniacum , Don, in W. Asia, is the source of the medici¬ 
nal gum-resin Gum Ammoniacum, imported in small quantity. 
Erythroxylon monogynum,U oxb. (Devadaram, Chemmanatti,T.; Red 
Cedar of India; Fl. Cey., I., 190), common in dry zone and in S. India. 
The heartwood has a pleasant resinous scent, and yields by distillation 
a kind of tar said to be used by Moormen at Puttalam as a preserva¬ 
tive for the wood of their boats (Trimen). 
Ferula galbaniflaa , Boiss., and F. Narthex , Boiss., in W. Asia, are the 
sources of the gum-resins Gum Galbanum and Asafœtida respectively, 
used in medicine, and the latter also in food. 
Garcinia Cambogia , Desrouss. (Goraka, S.; Korakkaipuli, T.; FI. 
Cey., I., 95), frequent in wet zone to 1,500 feet, yields a transparent 
gum-resin from the bark (Trimen). Its gamboge is of very poor 
quality. G. Morelia , Desrouss. (Kanagoraka, Gokatu, Kokatiya, S.), 
common in wet zone to 2,000 feet, and in India and Malaya, yields 
abundance of gamboge, which is however little collected in Ceylon 
(see Gamboge, above). 
Guaiacum officinale , L., the Lignum Vitæ of S. America and W. 
Indies, introduced at Peradeniya in 1882, yields the resin Guaiacum, 
used in medicine and in chemistry. 
Hardwickia pinnata , Roxb., of S. India, introduced at Peradeniya in 
1871, gives a dark red resin from deep incisions, like Gurjun Oil or 
Copaiba, useful in medicine (Watt). 
Hymenœa Gourbaril , L. (see above, Copal). 
Mammea americana , L., the Mammee Apple, introduced from the W. 
Indies before 1824, yields a resin. 
Mastixia tetrandra , Clke. (Maha-tawara, S.; Fl. Cey., II., 287). 
endemic in wet zone to 4,000 feet, yields a scented resin. 
Mesua ferrea,~L. (Na, S.; Naka, T.; Ironwood; Fl. Cey., I., 105), 
common in wet zone, India and Malaya, yields an aromatic resin, 
which is said to make a good varnish with oil of turpentine 
(Watt). 
Pinus. —Many species of pines yield turpentines (see under A , above) 
by tapping. Ceylon has no native species, but several have been 
introduced at Hakgala. 
