KEY TO THE FAMILIES OF CLASS I. 
Ill 
POKEWEED F. 191 
Pistil only one, either simple or formed of two or more with their ovaries united. 
Styles 10. Fruit a 10-seeded berry, 
Styles or stigmas 2 or 3. 
Herbs with sheaths for stipules, and entire leaves, 
Herbs with separate stipules, and compound or cleft leaves, 
Herbs without stipules, and 
Without scaly bracts. Flowers small and greenish, 
With scaly bracts around and among the flowers, 
Shrubs or trees, with opposite leaves. Fruit a pair of keys, 
Shrubs or trees, with alternate leaves and deciduous stipules. 
Stamens on the throat of the calyx, alternate with its lobes, 
Stamens on the bottom of the calyx, 
Style one: stigma 2-lobed. Fruit a key. Leaves pinnate, 
Style or sessile stigma one and simple. 
Calyx tubular or cup-shaped, colored like a corolla. 
Stamens 8, on the tube. Shrubs: leaves simple, 
Stamens 4, on the throat. Herbs: leaves compound. 
Stamens 5 or less on the receptacle. Calyx imitating a monopetalous 
funnel-shaped corolla: a cup outside imitating a calyx. 
Herbs with opposite leaves, Mirabilis 
Calyx of 6 petal-like sepals colored like petals: stamens 9 or 12: anthers opening 
by uplifted valves. Aromatic trees and shrubs, Laurel 
Calyx in the sterile flowers of 3 to 6 greenish sepals: stamens the same number. 
Flowers monoecious or dioecious, Nettle 
Buckwheat 
Hemp 
Goosefoot 
Amaranth 
t Maple 
Buckthorn 
, Elm 
A sh in f Olive 
Mezereum 
Burnet in tBosE 
F. 192 
F. 196 
F. 191 
F. 192 
F. 140 
F. 138 
F. 195 
F. 189 
F. 195 
F. 146 
F. 191 
F. 194 
F. 195 
B. Flowers one or both sorts in catkins or catkin-like heads. 
Twining herbs, dioecious : fertile flowers only in a short catkin, Hop in the Hemp F. 196 
Trees or shrubs. 
Sterile flowers only in catkins. Flowers monoecious. 
Leaves pinnate. Ovary and fruit (a kind of stone-fruit, without an involucre), Walnut F. 197 
Leaves simple. Nuts one or more in a cup or involucre, Oak F. 197 
Both kinds of flowers in catkins or close heads. 
Leaves palmately veined or lobed. 
Calyx 4-cleft, in the fertile flowers becoming berry-like. Mulberry, &c. in Nettle F. 
Calyx none: flowers in round heads, 
Leaves pinnately veined. 
Flowers dioecious, one to each scale. Pod many-seeded, 
Flowers monoecious, the fertile ones 2 or more under each scale, 
Flowers only one under each fertile scale. Fruit one-seeded, 
195 
Plane-tree F. 196 
Willow F. 199 
Birch F. 199 
Sweet-Gale F. 198 
Subclass II. — GYMNOSPERMS. 
Proper pistil none ; the ovules and seeds naked, on the bottom or inner face of an 
open scale, as in Pines, or without any scale at all, as in Yew, 
Pine Family, 201 
