122 
POPULAR FLORA. 
8. POPPY FAMILY. Order PAPA VER ACE AS. 
A 
Herbs with a milk-white, yellow, or reddish juice (colorless in Eschscholtzia), which is 
bitter or acrid and poisonous, alternate leaves, and flowers remarkable for having only 2 
(rarely 3) sepals, which 
fall when the blossom 
opens, but 4 (or in one 
case 8 or 12) petals, 
which fail early. Sta¬ 
mens many, on the re¬ 
ceptacle. Pistil one, 
compound, but almost al¬ 
ways one-celled, many- 
seeded, the seeds borne 
on the walls or on pro¬ 
jections from them (pa¬ 
rietal). Eschscholtzia is 
remarkable for its calyx 
shaped like a pointed 
cap or a candle-extin¬ 
guisher. —In most cases 
we have only one spe¬ 
cies of each genus. 
275. A flower-bud casting its calyx, 
and, 276, a flower of Poppy. 
277 278 
277. Pod of Celandine open¬ 
ing. 278. Frame of the 
same, turned flatwise, and 
seeds still on it. 
280. The cap-shaped 
calyx fallen off. 
281. The pod. 
Petals 4, crumpled or plaited in the bud, which nods before opening (except in the Prickly-Poppy). 
Ovary and pod incompletely several-celled, by plates or placentas projecting from 
the walls and covered with numberless seeds. Stigmas making a flat 
sessile cap. Pod hard, opening by pores under the edge of the cap of 
stigmas, ( Papaver) * Poppy. 
Ovary and pod strictly one-celled, opening by valves, and leaving the placentas as a 
slender frame between them. Flowers yellow, rarely white. 
Pod and leaves prickly. Style none: stigmas 4 or 6, ( Argemone ) Prickly-Poppy. 
Pod bristly. Style present: stigmas 3 or 4, ( Stylophorum) Celandine-Poppy. 
Pod smooth, slender (Fig. 277): stigmas 2, ( Chelidonium) Celandine. 
Ovary and long narrow pod 2-celled by a thick partition in which the seeds are em¬ 
bedded; stigma 2-horned, ( Glaucium) * Horn-Poppy. 
Petals not crumpled in the bud, which does not nod. 
Petals 8 to 12, narrow, white. Pod oblong. Juice orange-red, ( Sanguinciria) Bloodroot. 
Petals 4, broad, yellow. Sepals united into a pointed cap which falls off as a lid (Fig. 
280, 281). Receptacle or end of the flower-stalk expanded and top¬ 
shaped. Stigmas 3 to 7, slender, unequal. Pod many-ribbed. Juice 
watery, colorless, but strong-scented, * Eschscholtzia. 
