138 
POPULAR FLORA. 
1. European Grape. Flowers all perfect; leaves deeply and sharply lobed. Cult, in several varie¬ 
ties, viz. Sweetwater Grape, Black Hamburg, &c. V. vinifera. 
2. Northern Fox-Grape. Leaves very woolly when young, remaining rusty-woolly beneath; ber¬ 
ries large, purple or amber-colored. — Improved varieties of this, without the foxy taste and the 
tough pulp, are the Isabella and the Catawba Grapes. F. Labi'usca. 
3. Summer Grape. Leaves with loose cobwebby down underneath, smoothish when old ; panicles of 
fertile flowers very long and slender; berries small, ripe with first frost. F. ceslivalis. 
4. Frost Grape. Leaves thin, heart-shaped, never woolly, not shining, sharply and coarsely toothed, 
little or not at all lobed ; panicles loose ; berries blue or black with a bloom, sour, ripening late. 
Common along river-banks, &c. V. cordifolia. 
5. Muscadine or Southern Fox-Grape. Bark of the stem close, not thrown off in loose strips, as 
in the others; leaves round-heart-shaped, shining, not downy, very coarsely toothed; panicles small, 
with crowded flowers; berry large, musky, with a very thick and tough skin. A variety is the 
Scuppernong Grape. Common S. F. vulpma. 
Virginia-Creeper. Ampelopsis. 
Petals 5, thick, opening before 
they fall. Leaves palmate with 5 
leaflets (Fig. 74). Berries small, 
blackish. A very common tall- 
climbing vine, wild and culti¬ 
vated. A. quinquefolia. 
340. Flower opening". 341. Same, with the 
petals fallen. 
29. BUCKTHORN FAMILY. Order RHAMNACEJE. 
Woody plants, with simple alternate leaves, known by having the stamens as many as the 
small petals (4 or 5) and one before each of them, 
both inserted on the calyx or on a fleshy cup which 
lines the tube of the calyx; the lobes of the latter 
valvate, i. e. edge to edge in the bud. Fruit of 2 to 
5 cells, and one large seed in each. 
342. Flowers of a Buckthorn. 343. Same, cut through lengthwise. 
Calyx free from the ovary, greenish. Petals shorter than the calyx, or none, ( Rhamnus) Buckthorn. 
Calyx below adherent to the ovary, its lobes petal-like (white in our species) and 
bent inwards, shorter than the stamens and long-clawed petals, ( Ceanothus) New-Jersey Tea. 
