FOPULAR FLORA, 
149 
Avens. Geum. 
Calyx bell-shaped or flattish, 5-cleft, and with 5 additional little lobes between. Petals 5. Stamens 
many. Pistils many in a head, making akenes, which are tipped with the style, remaining as a long, 
naked or hairy tail. Perennial herbs: flowers single or somewhat corymbed. — In all our common 
species the style is jointed and hooked round in the middle. 
* Upper and mostly hairy joint of the style falling off, leaving the lower and smooth portion, which 
remains hooked at the end: flowers rather small: root-leaves mostly interruptedly pinnate; stem- 
leaves or lobes 3 to 5. Dry woods and fields. 
1. White Avens. Smoothish or downy; petals white, as long as the calyx, akenes bristly. G. album. 
2. Virginian A. Bristly-hairy, stouter than the last; petals greenish-wliite, shorter than the calyx; 
akenes smooth. G. Virginianum. 
3. Yellow A. Bather hairy, large; petals yellow, longer than the calyx. G. slriclum. 
* * Upper joint of the style persistent and feathered with long hairs; flowers rather large, nodding. 
4. Water A. Boot-leaves with a large and rounded-lobed end-leaflet, and some very small ones 
below; stem-leaves few, 3-cleft or of 3 small leaflets; petals not spreading, somewhat notched at 
the broad summit, purplish. — Wet banks of streams. G. rivale. 
Cinquefoil. Potentilla. 
Calyx open or flat, 5-parted, and with 6 additional outside lobes alternate with the others, making 
10. Petals 5. Stamens many. Pistils many in a head, on a dry receptacle, making seed-like akenes, 
the styles falling off. 
* Leaves palmate. Herbs, with yellow flowers. 
1. Norway Cinquefoil. Erect, coarse, hairy; leaflets 3, obovate, cut-toothed. Fields. P. Norv'egica. 
2. Canada C. Bunner-like stems decumbent or spreading; leaflets 5, obovate-oblong; peduncles long, 
axillary, 1-flowered. Fields and banks. P. Canadensis. 
3. Silvery C. Low, with spreading branches, white-woolly, as are the 5 leaflets beneath. P. argentea. 
* * Leaves pinnate. Herbs (except No. 5): receptacle of the fruit hairy. 
4. Silver-weed. Creeping, sending up leaves of 9 to 19 cut-toothed leaflets, besides little ones inter¬ 
posed, silvery-white beneath, and single long-stalked yellow flowers. Wet banks, N. P. Anserina. 
5. Shrubby C. Shrub very bushy, 2° to 4° high; leaflets 5 or 7, crowded near the end of the short 
footstalk, lance-oblong, entire, silky beneath; flowers yellow. Bogs. P. fruticosa. 
6. Marsh C. Stems ascending from a scaly creeping base; leaflets 5 or 7, crowded, serrate, lance- 
oblong; flowers dull purple. Cold bogs, N. P.palustris. 
Bramble. Rubus. 
Calyx open, deeply 5-cleft. Petals 5. Pistils many; their ovaries ripening into little berry-like 
grains (or rather drupelets), making a kind of compound berry.—Bather shrubby or herbaceous pe¬ 
rennials. 
§ 1. BASPBEBBY. Fruit falling from the dry receptacle, usually with the grains lightly cohering. 
* Leaves simple, lobed: flowers large and showy: petals spreading. 
1. Purple Flowering-Baspberry. Bristly and clammy with odorous brownish glands ; leaves 
rounded, with 3 or 5 pointed lobes; flowers in a corymb, rose-purple; fruit flat. Bocky banks, 
N. FI. summer. R. odoraius. 
2. White Flowering-B. Like No. 1, but the flowers white and smaller. N. W. & cult. R. Nutkanus. 
