POPULAR FLORA. 
159 
Seeds flat on the inner face, where the two akenes or parts of the fruit join. 
Fruit covered all over with hooked prickles, 
Fruit prickly on the ribs only. Umbel becoming concave, 
Fruit not prickly, but winged on the margin. 
Flowers yellow, all alike, 
Flowers white, the outer corollas larger, 
Flowers white or whitish, all alike. 
Akenes 5-ribbed on the back. Leaves simply pinnate, 
Akenes 8 -ribbed on the back. Leaves decompound, 
Fruit not prickly, winged on all sides, 
Fruit neither prickly nor winged. 
Flowers yellow. Plant sweet-aromatic; leaflets long and slender, 
Flowers white. 
^ Umbels with neither involucre nor involucels. 
Divisions of the leaves very slender, 
Divisions or leaflets wedge-shaped, 
Umbels with 3-leaved involucels, but no involucre, 
Umbels with both involucres and involucels. 
Leaves decompound, finely divided, ( Petroseftmm ) ^Parsley. 
Leaves 2 or 3 times compound; leaflets coarse, ( Ciciita) Water-Hemlock.-} - 
Leaves simply pinnate, ( Slum ) Water-Parsnip. - }- 
Seed grooved or hollowed down the whole length of the inner face. (Flowers white.) 
Herbage rather unpleasant-scented: leaves decompound, finely cut, ( Conium ) Poison-Hemlock. f 
Herbage, fruit, &c. sweet-scented. 
Fruit narrow-oblong, ribbed, ( Ckcerophyllum) Chervil. 
Fruit long, tapering downwards, ( Osmorrhiza) Sweet-Cicely. 
Seed and fruit curved in at the top and bottom, or kidney-shaped, strong-scented. 
Flowers white, ( Coriandrum) * Coriander. 
( Sanicula ) Sanicle. 
( Daucus ) * Carrot. 
( Pastinaca ) ^Parsnip. 
( Heracleum ) Cow-Parsnip. 
( Archemora ) CowBANE.f 
( Angelica ) * Angelica. 
( Levisticum ) *Lovage. 
(Fceniculum) * Fennel. 
( Carum ) ^Caraway. 
{Apium) ^Celery. 
{jEthusa) Fool’s-Parsley. 
44. ARALIA FAMILY. Order ARALIACEJE. 
Much like the last, but often shrubs or trees; the styles almost always more than two, 
and the fruit becoming berry-like. Also the umbels are not regularly compound, but 
either simple or panicled. Flowers often polygamous. Here belongs the true or English 
Ivy, with evergreen simple leaves, which thrives in some places in northern exposures 5 
also the following wild plants. 
Aralia. Aralia. 
Petals, stamens, and styles 5. Flowers white or greenish in summer. Berries black. Herbage, roots, 
&c. aromatic. Leaves compound or decompound, large. 
1. Prickly A. or Angelica-tree. Shrub or low tree with a stout simple stem, very prickly; 
leaves very large; leaflets ovate; umbels many in a large panicle. S. and cult. A. spinosa. 
2 . Bristly A. Stem 1° high, bristly below, woody at the base; leaves twice pinnate; umbels few, 
corymbed. Rocky woods. N. A. hispida. 
3. Spikenard A. A stout spreading herb; with thick sweet-spicy roots; leaves very large and de¬ 
compound ; leaflets somewhat heart-shaped; umbels many, panicled. Rich woods. A. racemdsa. 
