FUNDAMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS 
3 
related by a common structure namely, two seed leaves or cotyledons 
and so are grouped together under the class Dicotyledonea. The 
Dicotyledoneoe differ from the Monocotyledonea in that the latter 
group possess but one cotyledon; but both classes agree in having 
covered ovules and seeds, and so are placed in the subdivision 
Angiospermce. The Angiospermce differ from the Gymnospermce in 
that the latter possess naked ovules and seeds; but both of these 
subdivisions agree in producing real flowers and seeds. For these 
reasons they are placed in the division Spermatophyta of the Vege¬ 
table Kingdom. 
OUTLINE OF PLANT GROUPS 
I. Thallophyta 
II. Bryophyta 
III. Pteridophyta 
1. Protophyta 
2. Myxomycetes 
3- Algas 
4. Fungi 
5. Liche.nes 
1. Hepaticae 
2. Musci 
1. Lycopodineae 
2. Equisetineae 
3. Filicineae 
f Bacteria 
1 Cyanophyceae 
[ Acrasiales 
Phytomyxales 
[ Myxogastrales 
[ Chlorophyceae 
| Phaeophyceae 
[ Rhodophyceae 
( Phycomycetes 
I Ascomycetes 
I Basidiomycetes 
l Fungi Imperfecti 
[ Crustaceous 
Foliaceous 
[ Fruticose 
f Marchantiales 
J Jungermanniales 
l Anthocerotales 
[ Sphagnales 
Andreaeales 
l Bryales 
Lycopodiales 
Selaginales 
. Isoetales 
{ Equisetales 
Ophioglossales 
Filicales 
