XVI 
CONTENTS 
Pages 
ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF LEAVES.—Primordial leaf. 
Its formation. 156 
PHYLLOTAXY.—Definition; spiral law of leaf arrangement; alternate; 
opposite, decussate; whorled; fascicled; leaf rank.156-157 
VERNATION.—Definition; indexed or reclinate; conduplicate; con¬ 
volute; circinate; plicate; involute; revolute . . . . . . .157-158 
THE COMPLETE LEAF/—Its parts; sessile; petiolate; exstipulate; 
stipulate.158-159 
LEAF VENATION.—Furchate; parallel; reticulate; pinni-veined; 
palmately veined; anastomosing veins. 159 
LEAF INSERTION.—Definition; radical; cauline; ramal; perfoliate; 
amplexicaul; connate-perfoliate; equitant.159-161 
FORMS OF LEAVES.—Simple and Compound, (a) General Outline: 
ovate; linear; lanceolate; elliptical; oblong; inequilateral; or¬ 
bicular; peltate; filiform; oblanceolate; cuneate; spatulate; en- 
siform; acerose; deltoid. ( b ) Apex: acute; acuminate; obtuse; 
truncate; mucronate; cuspidate; aristate; emarginate; retuse; 
obcordate. (c) Base: cordate; reniform; hastate; auriculate; 
sagittate, (d) Margin: entire, serrate; dentate; crenate; 
repand; sinuate; incised; runcinate; lobed; cleft; parted; di¬ 
vided. Forms of Compound Leaves.161-166 
LEAF TEXTURE.—Membranous; succulent; coriaceous. 166 
LEAF COLOR.—Variations in color. 166 
LEAF SURFACE.—Glabrous; glaucous; pellucid-punctate; scabrous; 
pubescent; villose; sericious; hispid; tomentose; spinose; 
rugose; verrucose. 166 
DURATION OF LEAVES.—Persistent or evergreen; deciduous; cadu¬ 
cous; fugacious. 
GROSS STRUCTURE AND HISTOLOGY OF THE LEAF PETIOLE. 
—In Monocotyledons. In Dicotyledons. Pulvinus. Peri- 
cladium.167-168 
STIPULES.—Definition; lateral; free-lateral; lateral-adnate; lateral- 
connate; lateral interpetiolar. Axillary; ochrea. Modified 
Stipules.168-169 
