PLANT ORGANS AND ORGANISMS 
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An Uva is a berry from a superior ovary. Examples: Bella¬ 
donna, Egg-plant, Tomato, Fig. 102 (1). 
A Bacca is a berry from an inferior ovary. Examples: Goose¬ 
berry, Honeysuckle, Currant. 
The Pepo or Gourd Fruit is a baccate fruit of large size which has 
developed from an inferior ovary. It is fleshy internally and has a 
tough or very hard rind. Examples: Fruits of the Cucurbitacea 
and the Banana, Fig. 102 (2). 
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3 
Pig. 102. —Baccate fruits. 1, berry (uva) of Belladonna with adherent 
calyx; 2, Pumpkin, cut transversely illustrating a pepo fruit; ( h ), a locule; 3, 
hesperidium fruit of the Orange cut transversely showing epicarp (e), mesocarp 
(m), endocarp ( en), pulp ( p ), and seed (s). 
The Hesperidium is a large thick-skinned succulent fruit with 
seeds embedded in the pulp but from a superior ovary. Examples: 
Orange, Grape-fruit, Lemon, etc. In each of these there is to be 
noted a glandular leathery epicarp, a sub-leathery mesocarp and 
an endocarp in the form of separate carpels. From the endocarp 
hairs grow inward into the carpellary cavities and become filled with 
succulence. The seeds lie amid the hair cells, Fig. 102 (3). 
V. Drupaceous Fruits (Succulent fruits in which the mesocarp 
is more or less succulent, but the endocarp leathery or stony).-— 
A Drupe is a one-celled, one-seeded drupaceous fruit such as the 
fruit of the Plum, Peach, Prune, Sabal, Rhus, Piper, Cherry, etc., 
whose endocarp or putamen is composed wholly of stone cells or 
stone cells and sclerenchyma fibers, Fig. 103 (1). 
The Pome is a fleshy drupaceous fruit, two or more celled with 
fibrous or stony endocarp, the chief bulk of which consists of the 
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