256 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Saccharomyces ellipsoideus is a wild species, several varieties of 
which are found growing on grapes especially in districts where wine 
is produced. It is termed the true wine yeast to distinguish it 
from other wild species found in grape juice, like S. apiculatus and 
S. membranifaciens which exert a deleterious effect in wine produc¬ 
tion. Its cells are ellipsoidal, 6 p. long, occurring singly or in rows 
of several generations, which are rather loosely joined. 
Order 2.—Pezizales or cup fungi. Examples: Peziza, Lachnea 
and Ascobolus. 
Fig. 129.—Saucer-shapes fruit-bodies of Peziza repanda. ( Harshberger , from 
Photo by W. H. Walmsley.) 
Parasitic or saprophytic plants, whose vegetative bodies consist of 
a mycelium ramifying through the substratum and whose above 
ground fruiting bodies are sessile or stalked, cup or saucer-shaped 
structure termed apothecia (sing, apothecium), in which a fruiting 
membrane (hymenium) lines the concave upper surface. The asci 
are usually eight-spored and separated from each other by filament¬ 
ous structures called paraphyses. (Figs. 129 and 130.) 
Order^.—Plectascales, the blue and green molds. Examples: 
Aspergillus and Penicillium. 
