3° 2 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
creeping underground (. Polygonatum ), or, swelling up and forming 
bulbs (Hyacinth), or corms (< Colchicum ), or, stem may elongate 
above ground and become wiry and herbaceous or semi-shrubby as 
Smilax, dr the stem may remain short giving rise to thick fleshy and 
sap-storing leaves as in Aloe. Leaves linear ; to lanceolate, ovate 
rarely wider, divisible into sheathing base, narrow petiole and ex- 
Fig. 167.—Diagram of A, lily flower, and B, grass.flower, showing homologous 
structures. A, f, bract; ax, axis; op, outer perianth; ip, inner perianth; s, sta¬ 
mens; (c) tricarpellary ovary. B, shaded structures are aborted; le, lemma 
(bract); ax, axis; p and p', palet (outer perianth); l and V, lodicules (inner peri¬ 
anth); s and s', two whorls of stamens; c, tricarpellary ovary. ( A, Robbins. B, 
after Shuster.) 
panded blade. Venation, parallel, becoming in some ovate leaves 
parallel with oblique connections, reticulate or highly reticulate as 
in Smilax , etc. The perianth is parted into six segments, the calyx 
and corolla being alike in color. Anthers introrse. Ovary three- 
locular with a single style. Fruit a three-locular, loculicidally de¬ 
hiscent capsule {Lilium, etc.) or rarely a berry {Asparagus, etc.). 
Seeds usually numerous, albuminous. 
