312 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Inflorescences dioecious spikes, so on separate plants. Staminate 
spikes forming deciduous, catkins of yellowish flowers, pistillate 
as persistent spikes of green flowers, at length maturing fruit. 
Flowers of catkins numerous, each of two to five (Willow) or 
six to fifteen (Poplar) stamens in axil of a small bract leaf, sometimes 
with small nectar knob or girdle at base; pollen abundant, hence 
plants anemophilous, rarely entomophilous. Pistillate flowers 
green, each of a bicarpellate pistil in axil of bract, ovary one-celled 
with parietal placentation, style simple, stigma bilobed. 
Fruit a capsule dehiscing longitudinally. Seeds small, exal- 
buminous, surrounded by a tuft of hairs for dissemination. 
Official drug 
Part used 
Botanical name 
Habitat 
Salicin 
Glucoside 
Several species of 
Europe, North 
| 
Salix and Populus 
r Populus nigra 
America 
1 
Populi Gemmae 
Closed leaf buds < 
Populus 
> North America 
N.F. 
Unofficial drug 
^ balsamifera 
I 
Salix 
Bark 
Salix alba 
Europe 
III. Order Myricales. —Myricacece or Bay berry Family. —Dioe¬ 
cious or sometimes monoecious, aromatic shrubs or trees with watery 
juice and possessing underground branches which arch downward 
then upward producing many suckers. Roots fibrous and bearing 
many short -rootlets upon which are frequently found coralloid 
clusters of tubercles containing the Actinomyces Myricarum Young- 
ken. Leaves alternate, revolute in vernation, serrate, irregularly 
dentate, lobed or entire, rarely pinnatifid, pinnately and reticulately 
veined, pellucid punctate, evergreen or deciduous, generally exstipu- 
late, rarely stipulate. Flowers naked, unisexual, monoecious 
or dioecious, in the axils of unisexual or androgynous aments from 
scaly buds formed in the summer in the axils of the leaves of the 
year, remaining covered during the winter and opening in March or 
April before or with the unfolding of the leaves of the year. 
Staminate flowers in elongated catkins, each consisting of two to 
eight stamens inserted on the torus-like base of the oval to oval- 
lanceolate bracts of the catkin, usually subtended by two or four 
or rarely by numerous bracteoles; filaments short or elongated, 
