TAXONOMY 339 
celled woody capsule dehiscing at the summit, with a bony seed 
in each cell, or several, only one or two of them ripening. 
Official drug 
Sty rax 
Hamamelidis 
Folia N.F. 
Part used Botanical name 
Balsam from wood Liquidambar 
and inner bark orientalis 
Leaves Hamamelis 
virginiana 
Habitat 
The Levant 
United States and 
Canada 
Rosacea or Rose Family. —Herbs, shrubs, or trees mostly of 
temperate regions. Stem and branches upright or creeping (Straw¬ 
berry, Cinquefoil), herbaceous to woody. Leaves alternate, stipu¬ 
late (stipules green persistent to scaly deciduous), compound 
condensing to “simple.” Flowers regular, pentamerous; sepals and 
petals five—rarely four—inferior to ovary becoming by stages super¬ 
ior to it. Sepals green—at times with epicalyx (Strawberry, Cinque¬ 
foil, etc.), persistent round fruit. Petals usually yellow to white or 
to pink, crimson, rarely purple, rosaceous, deciduous. Stamens in¬ 
definite, perigynous (Strawberry, etc.), to semi-epigynous (Rose, 
Peach, etc.), and epigynous (Apple, Pear). Pistil apocarpous with 
many (Strawberry, Rose) carpels or fewer to five (Apple), or two 
to one (Plum, Cherry), becoming falsely fused by union with up- 
growing receptacle (Hawthorn, Apple). Fruit a collection of achenes 
on dry (Cinquefoil) or succulent receptacle (Strawberry), or dry 
follicles (Bridal Wreath), or drupels (Blackberry), or a drupe (Peach, 
Plum, Cherry), or a pome (Apple ; Pear). Seeds exalbuminous 
embryo filling seed cavity. 
Official drug Part used 
Amygdala Dulcis Seed 
Prunus Virginiana Bark 
Rubus N.F. Bark of rhizome 
Quillaja N.F. 
Brayera N.F. 
Rosa Gallica 
Bark 
Panicles of pistil¬ 
late flowers 
Petals 
Botanical name 
Prunus amygdalus 
variety dulcis 
Prunus serotina 
Rubus villosus, R. 
cuneifolius, and 
R. nigrobaccus 
Quillaja Saponaria 
Hagenia abyssinica 
Rosa gallica 
Habitat 
Asia 
United States and 
-Canada 
United States 
Chile and Peru 
Abyssinia 
Southern Europe 
