TAXONOMY 
363 
Tiliacea or Linden Family. —Shrubs or trees, rarely herbs, having 
stellate hairs on both stems and leaves. Leaves alternate, pinnately 
more rarely palmately veined, stipulate. Inflorescence cymose. 
Flowers hermaphrodite, more rarely, by absorption, more or less 
diclinous; sepals and petals five each, more rarely four, sepals de¬ 
ciduous; stamens five opposite the petals or, as in Sterculiacece, 
five phalanges of stamens representing subdivided stamens (Tilia), 
pistil of ten to five or two syncarpous carpels; ovary superior. 
Fruit either a nut-like drupe or drupe, rarely baccate. 
Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Tilia Inflorescence Tilia species United States and 
Europe 
Malvacece or Mallow Family. —Herbs in temperate regions ( Malva 
rotundifolia, Althaea officinalis, etc.), occasionally shrubs in temperate 
regions (. Hibiscus Syriacus, etc.), frequently shrubs or tall trees in 
the tropics. Stems, as in Sterculiacece and TUiacece, sometimes 
forming numerous layers of hard and soft bast. Leaves alternate 
and stipulate, ovate, ovate-cordate, orbicular or palmately com¬ 
pound; venation pinnate or palmate. Stems, roots and leaves con¬ 
tain mucilage cells. Inflorescence a raceme or fascicle of cymes. 
Flowers regular, pentamerous; calyx green, of five aposepalous sepals 
but frequently surrounded outside by an epicalyx. Both calyx and 
epicalyx are persistent. Corolla of five petals varying in color which 
are more or less fused with stamens at their bases; stamens mon-adel- 
phous and forming an upright column enclosing the styles; anthers 
one-celled, dehiscing transversely; pollen grains echinate; pistil 
loosely or strongly syncarpous, rarely sub-apocarpous of thirty to 
five carpels. Fruit either a set of cocci, follicles or a capsule ( Gos - 
sypium). Seeds albuminous with oily and mucilaginous albumen. 
