3 68 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
or free. Pistil of usually 3-5 carpels with 3-5 celled compound 
ovary and as many filiform styles as carpels. Fruit a capsule 
with usually septicidal dehiscence (Hypericum) or a berry. Seeds 
small, numerous, anatropous and exalbuminous. 
Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Hypericum Entire plant Hypericum perforatum Europe 
Canellaceoe Family. —Trees the bark of which contains aromatic 
principles. Leaves alternate, pellucid-punctate. Flowers regular, 
golden-yellow, and arranged in terminal or axillary cymes. Fruit 
a berry containing two to many seeds with oily and fleshy albumen. 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Canella N.F. Inner bark Canella Winterana { an< * West 
l Indies 
Bixaceoe Family. —Tropical shrubs or trees. Leaves alternate, 
simple with minute or no stipules. Flowers hermaphrodite or uni¬ 
sexual, regular, stamens hypogynous, mostly indefinite with anthers 
opening by slits, rarely by one or two apical pores ( Bixa). Fruit 
fleshy or dry. Seeds with fleshy albumen and sometimes covered 
with a fleshy arillus (Bixa Orellana). 
Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Annatto Coloring matter Bixa Orellana { America 
l and Madagascar 
Chaulmoogra oil Fixed oil from Gynocardia odorata India 
seeds 
Violaceoe or Violet Family. —Herbs or shrub. Stems upright, 
rarely creeping, spreading or acaulescent. Leaves either cauline or 
radical, stipulate, alternate, simple to pinnatifid or palmate. 
Flowers pentamerous, regular or irregular (Viola). Fruit a loculi- 
cidally dehiscent capsule (Viola) rarely baccate. Seeds albuminous. 
Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Viola Entire herb Viola tricolor Temperate regions 
Turneracece or Damiana Family. —Tropical herbs, shrubs or 
trees. Leaves alternate, • simple, petioled, exstipulate. Flowers 
perfect, regular, axillary, pentamerous with one-celled ovary. Fruit 
