TAXONOMY 
371 
Echinoctreus , etc.), to greatly condensed ( Mamillaria ). Leaves 
alternate, stipulate or exstipulate, enlarged apd more or less fleshy 
(.Peireskia ), becoming reduced, green and semicircular ( Opuntia ), 
or modified into spines, or wholly absorbed. Flowers, regular, 
solitary or fascicled in axils of leaves;, sepals five; petals similar to 
sepals, petaloid, small to much enlarged, in color varying from yellow 
to white,,or from yellow to yellowish-pink, pink, scarlet or crimson; 
stamens indefinite, inserted at varying levels in the throat of a greatly 
expanded upgrowp. receptacle; pistil generally tricarpellary; ovary 
inferior, pften deeply sunk in upgrown receptacular part; style thread¬ 
like, divided above into as many stigmas as carpels. Fruit a recept¬ 
acular berry enclosing numerous small seeds. Seeds exalbuminous. . 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Cactus Fresh succulent Chctus grandiflorus \ . , . 
Grandiflorus . stems ' (Cereus grandiflorus) / Tr0pICal AmenCa 
N.F. 
XXI. Order Myrtales (Myrtifiorae). — THymeleacece or Mezereum 
Family. —Shrubs (Daphne Mezereum ) or low trees, usually of branch¬ 
ing habit, the stepis developing long tenacious bast fibers. Leaves 
alternate, rarely opposite; coriaceous, simple, varying from lanceolate 
to ovate. Inflorescence ,a condensed raceme or spike. Flowers 
perfect, polygamous or dioecious, small with calyx alone of the 
perianth parts developed. This is crimson-purple in Daphne 
Mezereum. Sepals usually fused to form a tube or cup-shaped 
perianth. Stamens usually eight in two rows of four longer and 
four shorter (. Daphne Mezereum) inserted on the calyx tube. Pistil 
monocarpellary; ovary superior mostly one-celled with a single, 
pendulous ovule. Fruit a nut, drupe, or berry {Daphne). 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
f Daphne Mezereum ) 
Mezereum Bark \ Daphne Gnidium \ Europe and Asia 
^ Daphne Laureola J 
Punicacect {Lythracece) ot Pomegranate Family.—Kerbs {Cuphea), 
shrubs {Decadon) or low trees (. Punica ). Leaves either alternate, 
opposite {Punica) or whorled, simple, usually lanceolate to ovate, 
entire, often glandular and viscous. Inflorescence a raceme, spike, 
