376 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
or imperfect. Fruit a drupe, frequently longitudinally winged, 
containing a single seed. 
Unofficial drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Combretum Leaves Combretum Sumatra 
sundaicum 
XXII. Order Umbellales or Umbelliflorae. — Araliaceoe or Gin¬ 
seng Family. —Herbs (. Panax quinquefolium, Hedera Helix , Aralia 
nudicaulis, etc.), undershrubs {Aralia hispida, etc.), shrubs {Fatsia 
horrida ), or trees {Aralia spinosa ) with stems which are more or less 
hollow along internodes and solid at nodes. Leaves alternate, vary¬ 
ing from simple to trifoliate or to multipinnate (tropical Aralias) or 
passing by telescoping into compound-palmate. Leaves serrate 
margined and along with stem they develop volatile oil, resin and 
gum contents in secretion reservoirs. Inflorescence varying from a 
raceme of umbels to a raceme and even to condensed racemose 
umbels. Flowers regular, generally pentamerous, small, generally 
inconspicuous, green, greenish-yellow to rarely white, usually 
hermaphrodite but sometimes polygamous or dioecious; sepals 
five, rarely four; petals five, rarely four, often greenish to greenish- 
yellow, occasionally white, seldom pink in color; stamens varying 
from indefinite to ten to commonly five, opoosite sepals, and, like 
sepals, epigynous in insertion; anthers versatile; pistil occasionally 
fifteen- to ten-, usually five-carpellate; ovary as many celled with one 
or rarely two pendulous ovules in each cavity; styles distinct 
ending in knob-shaped stigmas. Fruit a berry. Seeds albuminous. 
Official drug Part used 
Aralia N.F. Rhizome and 
roots 
Unofficial 
Aralia Nudicaulis Rhizome 
Aralia Spinosa Bark 
Ginseng Root 
Panax Repens Rhizome 
Botanical origin 
Aralia racemosa 
Habitat 
Eastern Uuited 
States and 
Canada 
Aralia nudicaulis Eastern United 
States and 
Canada 
Aralia spinosa Eastern United 
States 
Panax quinquefolium North America 
Panax repens Japan 
