38 4 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
lia marilandica) , sometimes a berry ( Strychnos Nux Vomica) or 
drupe. Seeds numerous or solitary, sometimes winged. 
Official drug 
Part used 
Botanical origin 
Habitat 
Nux Vomica 
Seeds 
Strychnos Nux 
Vomica 
East Indies 
Gelsemium 
Rhizome and 
Gelsemium 
Southern United 
roots 
sempervirens 
States 
Spigelia 
Rhizome and 
Spigelia marilandica Southern United 
roots 
States 
Ignatia N.F. 
Seeds 
Strychnos Ignatii 
Philippine Islands 
Gentianacece or Gentian Family.— Herbs often low-growing. Roots 
and short stems sometimes more or less thickened ( Gentiana luted). 
Leaves opposite, decussate, entire, exstipulate. Inflorescence cy- 
mose (i Gentiana luted) or condensing to a single, solitary, terminal 
flower (< Gentiana verna, G. acaulis , etc.) Flowers regular, perfect, 
pentamerous or tetramerous, sepals five to four, green, more or less 
synsepalous, not infrequently everted or reflexed, corolla of five, 
rarely four petals, more or less synpetalous, in shape passing from 
open-stellate, as in Gentiana lutea , through many stages of connation 
to long-tubed, as in Gentiana acaulis; stamens five, epipetalous; 
pistil bicarpellate; ovary one-celled or incompletely two-celled; style 
more or less elongated with bilobed to divided stigma. Fruit a 
capsule. Seeds albuminous. 
Official drug Part used 
Gentiana Rhizome and 
roots 
Chirata N.F. Entire plant 
Menyanthes N.F. Leaves 
Centaurium N.F. Flowering plant 
Unofficial 
Botanical origin 
Gentiana lutea 
Swertia Chirayita 
Menyanthes 
trifoliata 
Erythraea 
Centaurium 
Habitat 
Europe and Asia 
Minor 
Northern India 
Europe and Asia 
Europe 
Sabbatia ' Herb 
Sabbatia angularis Eastern United 
States and 
Canada 
Apocynacece or Dog Bane Family. —Herbs, rarely shrubs, not infre¬ 
quently clambering or climbing in habit {Allamandd). Stem and 
branches show bicollateral bundles. Stem, leaves and flowers have 
