388 
PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
merous; sepals five, green, gamosepalous; corolla varying in shape 
from rotate to funnel-like with expanded mouth, in color from 
greenish-yellow to white or through yellowish-pink to scarlet, 
crimson, purple or blue; stamens five, often with the bases of the fila¬ 
ments expanded; pistil bicarpellate; ovary two celled, superior, often 
surrounded by a nectar girdle; style filiform with bilobed or bifid 
stigma. Fruit usually a capsule (. Exogonium , etc.), dehiscing septi- 
fragally, rarely a berry. Seeds scantily albuminous to exalbumi- 
nous. 
Official drug 
Part used 
Botanical origin 
Habitat 
Jalapa 
Tuberous root 
Exogonium Purga 
Mexico 
Convolvulus 
1 Asia Minor, 
Scammomae Radix Root 
Unofficial 
Scammonia 
/ Greece, Syria 
Male Jalap 
Root 
Ipomoea orizabensis 
Mexico 
Tampico Jalap 
Root 
Ipomoea simulans 
Mexico 
Wild Jalap 
Root 
Ipomoea pandurata 
United States 
Turpeth Root 
Root 
Operculina TurpethumEast Indies 
Hydrophyllacece or Water Leaf Family .—Annual, herbaceous, 
rarely perennial woody plants whose stems, branches, leaves and 
sepals are often viscous and glandular hairy. Leaves alternate, 
exstipulate, from simple linear to pinnatipartite to pinnate. Inflor¬ 
escence rarely expanded, usually scorpioid cymes. Flowers small 
to large, funnel-form in Eriodictyon californicum\ sepals five, green; 
petals five, regular; corolla varying from small stellate with slightly 
fused petals to large rotate, campanulate or tubular, in color varying 
from greenish-white or yellow to rarely white, often pink, purple 
or blue; stamens five, rarely with alternate staminodes; pistil bicar¬ 
pellate. Fruit a two-celled capsule dehiscing usually septicidally. 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Eriodictyon Leaves Eriodictyon California and 
californicum New Mexico 
Borraginacece or Borage Family. —Herbaceous ( Borraginece sub¬ 
family) or shrubby ( Heliotropece sub-family), plants forming a pri¬ 
mary root and a single or often branched shoots. Leaves often 
divisible into expanded, sometimes large basal and alternate scat¬ 
tered cauline leaves. Each of these simple, exstipulate, often hairy, 
