TAXONOMY 
401 
palmate. Leaves thin, herbaceous, much expanded, often hairy. 
Vascular bundles of petioles, branches and stems, bicollateral. 
Inflorescence either of loose cymes or more frequently racemes or 
spikes or entire axillary inflorescence may become solitary axillary. 
Flowers pentamerous, very rarely tetramerous, monoecious (.Bryonia 
alba ) or dioecious (Bryonia dioica ); sepals five, gamosepalous, adnate 
to ovary; corolla of five, rarely four gamopetalous petals varying 
in size and shape from small to large campanulate or broadly cup¬ 
shaped (Cucumber) and in color from greenish-yellow to greenish 
white to pure yellow to yellowish-white to white; stamens typically 
five, epigynous, with anthers either joined by pairs or synantherous; 
carpels usually three; ovary inferior, one- to three-celled. Fruit a 
pepo (a berry from an inferior ovary with thick skin). Seeds flat 
and exalbuminous. 
Official drug Part used Botanical origin Habitat 
Bryonia N.F. 
Root 
f Bryonia alba 
\ Bryonia dioica 
| Europe 
Colocynthis 
Pulp of fruit 
Citrullus Colocyn¬ 
this 
Africa and Asia 
Tropics 
Pepo 
Seeds 
Cucurbita Pepo 
. (cultivated varie¬ 
ties) 
Elaterinum 
Principle from 
Ecballium 
Mediterranean 
Unofficial 
elaterium 
Elaterium 
region 
Watermelon Seed 
Seeds 
Citrullus vulgaris 
Southern Asia 
Momordica (Bal¬ 
sam apple) 
Fruit 
Momordica 
Balsamina 
East Indies 
Campanulacece or Bluebell Family .—Herbs of annual or more com¬ 
monly perennial growth rarely sub-shrubby or sub-woody,in habit, 
frequently with laticiferous tubes containing a milky juice. Stem 
upright or feeble and spreading. Leaves alternate, simple, exstipu- 
late. Inflorescence primitively a racemose cyme condensing into a 
raceme, to a sub-capitulum and ultimately to a capitulum. Flowers 
regular, campanulate to campanulate-elongate to elongate and deeply 
cleft in petals; sepals five, only slightly synsepalous, epigynous; petals 
five, campanulate to campanulate-tubular to tubular elongate 
to tubular and deeply cleft; corolla varying in color from greenish- 
26 
