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PHARMACEUTICAL BOTANY 
Ecli'inate. —Beset with prickles or spines. 
Ec'toplasm. —A clear layer of protoplasm just beneath the cell wall. 
Egg-Appara'tus.—The ovum and two synergids at the micropylar end of the 
embryo sac. 
ETater. —An elastic spiral filament attached to the spores of some Liverworts 
and Horsetails and aiding in their dispersal when mature. 
Emar'ginate. —Notched at the apex. 
Em'bryo. —A rudimentary plant found whhin the seed. 
Embryol'ogy. —The study of the embryo and its development. 
Em'bryo-sac. —A large cell within the nucleus of the ovule in which the embryo 
is formed after fertilization. 
En'docarp. —The inner layer of the pericarp. 
Endoder'mis.— A layer of cells forming the innermost boundary of the cortex 
and surrounding the fibrovascular region. 
En'dogen. —A Monocotyledon. 
Endogenous. —Applied to the axes of Monocotyl plants that do not increase 
materially in diameter. 
En'dophyte. —A plant which grows within the tissues of another. 
En dosperm. —A mass of cells formed in the embryo sac of ovules as they manure 
to form seeds. 
En'dospore —The inner wall of a spore. 
Endothe'cium. —A zone of one or more layers within the exothecium of an anther 
En'siform. —S word-shaped. 
Entomoph'ilous. —In sect pollinat ed. 
En'tophyte. —See Endophyte. 
Ephem'eral. —Lasting for a brief period (a day or so). 
EpicaTyx. —A whorl of bracts resembling the calyx but below it. 
Epi'carp.—The outer layer of the pericarp. 
Epicot'yl. —The portion of the embryo axis above the cotyledon or cotyledons. 
Epider'mis. —The outer covering layer of ceUs of plants, sometimes later replaced 
by cork. 
Epig'ynous. —Applied to floral leaves that appear to be inserted upon the ovary. 
Epipet'alous. —Upon the corolla. 
Ep'iphyte. —An air plant. A plant growing on another plant but not necessarily 
nourished by it. 
Epithe'lium. —A delicate layer of cells lining an internal cavity. 
Eq'uitant. —Applied to leaves, as in Iris, when they all spring from a rhizome 
and are successively folded on each other toward their bases. 
Eryth'rophyll. —The red coloring matter of leaves. 
Estiva'tion (Aestivation).—The arrangements of the floral organs in the flower 
bud. 
Etae'rio.—An aggregate fruit like the Raspberry or Blackberry, the product 
of a single flower, consisting of an aggregation of drupelets on a receptacle. 
E'tiolation. —The bleaching of green parts of plants when kept in the dark for 
some time. 
