Goodeniaceae 
Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Boxb. 
Young 1J1 (UH), Long 2322, 2326, 2330, 2334, 2340, 2333 (UH). The 
predominant species on the island. Large amounts of material of this 
• - fy 
species have been collected from the Hawaiian Leeward, Phoenix and Line 
Islands in order that estimates of variability can be determined. VV 
Geology 
» v 
The Hawaiian Islands are the summits of a range of volcanic mountains 
that stretches for more than 1500 nautical miles in a southeast-northwest 
■ ■ ( .. . . ' . 
direction across the floor of the North Pacific Ocean. The entire chain is 
normally divided into two groups. The islands from Niihau and Kauai south¬ 
east to Hawaii are considered the main or windward group, while the tiny 
points of protruding land from Nihoa northwest to Kure are called the lee¬ 
ward group. There are many papers dealing with the geological history of 
the group, including Bryan (1915)> Stearns (1916), and Zimmerman (I 9 W), but 
there are no papers that deal specifically with the geology of Lisianski 
V ' • 
Island. ' 
Geological evidence suggests that the range vas formed during the 
Tertiary Period, and that the peaks at the northwestern end of the chain 
0 ' • •• . . 
were formed earlier than those to the southeast (Zimmerman, op. cit . ). 
0 
The islands were built of successive flows Of basalts and volcanic products 
through a fissure in the ocean bottom, some 15,000 to 18,000 feet below 
v 
the present surface. \ ■. 
Stearns (op. cit .) describes the formation of these volcanic islands 
as occurring in several stages. Luring the submarine stage,cdevelopment. is 
due primarily to the addition of quantities of pillow lava and the production 
