*34 
CUMMINGS 
chell) ; Port Clarence (Trelease, 1113, 11 1 2, fragments with Cetraria , 
etc.). Reported by Babington from Kotzebue Sound, by Nylander 
for St. Lawrence Island; collected by Dr. Bean at Cape Lisburne, 
Unalaska, and on logs in Cross Sound, and by Macoun on St. Paul 
and St. George Islands. 
This species is represented entirely or in part by sixteen different 
numbers, and exhibits great variation as to color of thallus and pres¬ 
ence or absence of isidioid growths. The most normal forms are 
represented by numbers 1113 and 1150. It will be noted that 1113 
was collected at Port Clarence, the most northern station for this 
species, and 1150 at Sitka, the most southern station. 
Numbers 1123a, 1066, and 1074 are characterized by a change of 
color of a portion, or in 1074 of nearly all, of the thallus, to a reddish- 
brown. Macoun notes the same fact in the following words : “ Fre¬ 
quently found abnormally colored from a red brown to a beautiful 
violet.” This is a change which often occurs in specimens of a normal 
color which have been kept in a damp condition in a collecting 
box for two or three days. Certain specimens, as no. 368, show a 
tendency toward the blackening which is characteristic of the variety 
otnphalodes. 
The most interesting variation, however, is that caused by the de¬ 
velopment of the isidioid growths. This is only slightly evident in 
ii2i« and 1123, but very strongly developed in nos. 368, Evans; 
1515, Coville and Kearney ; 1130 and 11 34 < 5 , Trelease. In these cases 
the greater portion of the thallus, the periphery being excepted, is 
densely covered with a growth which resembles minute specimens of 
Sphcerophoron coralloides or Cladonia papillaria. This is the form 
which Dr. Lindsay refers to as sphcerophoroidea , in his Observations 
on West Greenland Lichens, 328. None of the reddish-brown forms 
show any isidioid growths. Macoun collected an isidiferous form on 
earth on St. George Island. 
No. 1066 is interesting as showing the development of minute 
secondary lacinias upon the surface or at the edge of the lobes of the 
thallus. 
Only two of the sixteen specimens bear fruit, or one-eighth of the 
whole number, and the apothecia are poorly developed in these cases. 
An examination of eleven specimens in my herbarium, including 
material from Canada and Newfoundland, shows that six of the eleven 
specimens (more than half) are fruited. The sterility of these Arctic 
forms has been noted by Dr. Lindsay in his Observations upon the 
Lichens of West Greenland. 
