8 
OCCASIONAL PAPERS, MUSEUM OF TEXAS TECH UNIVERSITY 
Fig. 7. Map of survey site Up 1 (upland habitat with high 
military use) showing capture locations for striped skunk 
(closed triangles), fox squirrel (closed square, eastern 
w'oodrat (open squares), eastern spotted skunk (closed 
circles), and opossum (open circles). Dark line through 
area depicts the survey route. 
The number of captures of opossums, raccoons, 
and striped skunks were sufficient to statistically ana¬ 
lyze capture means for these species. Capture means 
for raccoons varied signi ficantly with area (w=211; dj=5; 
E=5.22; P<0.001). Capture mean was highest in Sav 2 
( =0.029) and lowest in Upl 1 ( < 0.0001). Capture 
means for raccoons also varied significantly with trap 
size (n=633; dj= 2; F=7.38; E0.001), with large traps 
capturing 21 raccoons while small traps caught no rac¬ 
coons. Capture means for raccoons did not vary signifi¬ 
cantly with season (n-211; df=$; F=0.707; P=0.550), 
day (n=2 11; df= 2; F= 1.44; P=G.242), or transect (n- 211; 
df=2\ P=0.349; P=0,706). 
Capture means for striped skunks varied among 
areas (n=2 11; df=5 ; F= 7.61; P<0.001) with highest cap¬ 
ture mean recorded in Upl 1 ( =0.032) and lowest re¬ 
corded in Rip 2 ( =0.002). No significant differences 
were detected in capture mean among trap sizes («=633; 
dfi= 2; F=0.7055; P=0.4943), seasons («=211; df=l\ 
P=2.3779; P=0.0741), or days trapped (n=211; df= 2; 
F= 0.2271; P=0.7972). There may have been a differ¬ 
ence among transects sampled (n-2 11; df=2\ F=2.7239; 
P=0.0703). Capture means for opossums varied signifi¬ 
cantly among areas (n- 211; 4^=5; F=6.0664; P<0.001). 
Highest capture mean for opossums was in Rip 2 
( =0.048) with lowest capture mean from Upl 2 
(=0.0019). 
Both riparian and savannah habitats revealed sig¬ 
nificantly different capture means (P<0.05) for high and 
low military use for some species (Table 5). Compari¬ 
sons of upland habitats revealed no (P<0.05) differences 
in capture means between the two military use types. 
Additional analyses involved between habitat compari¬ 
sons of capture means. Capture means were generated 
for each habitat (both high and low use sites) and were 
used to determine if medium-sized mammal species rela¬ 
tive abundance varied significantly with habitat type (Table 
6). Because no ringtails were captured in riparian and 
upland habitats, these animals were excluded from analy¬ 
ses involving upland versus riparian habitats. 
Spotlight surveys indicated the presence of nine 
medium-sized mammal species (Table 7). Relative abun¬ 
dances obtained through comparisons of spotlight sur¬ 
vey routes and corresponding transects in areas sampled 
using live traps showed higher relative abundances gen¬ 
erated through the use of spotlight surveys in 18 of 30 
comparisons involving 12 medium-sized mammal spe¬ 
cies (Table 8). Analyses include only those transects 
where both live-trapping and spotlight surveys were con¬ 
ducted over the same routes. 
Spotlight data were analyzed to determine if any 
trends existed in raccoon abundance over the 18 years 
during which the spotlight surveys had been conducted. 
Raccoons were used for these analyses because they were 
documented in greater numbers on spotlight surveys than 
other medium-sized mammal species. Further analysis 
included a graphical depiction of average number of rac¬ 
coons documented using data from all six surveys lines. 
Spotlight line #1 includes spotlight surveys con¬ 
ducted from 1979-1996 (Fig. 12). No surveys were con¬ 
ducted in 1980,1986, or 1992-1995. On this line, rac¬ 
coons were documented in greatest numbers in 1984 (n 
= 15). The follow ing year the survey was conducted, no 
raccoons were documented. The average number of rac¬ 
coons seen per year was 4.67. Raccoons sighted ranged 
from 0 (1983,1985, and 1996) to 15 (1984). 
Spotlight line #2 includes surveys from 1978-1996 
(Fig. 13). The peak year for raccoon abundance w f as 1982 
(n = 14). A definite decline in raccoons is evident from 
1982 (« = 14) to 1984 (n = 1). The average number of 
raccoons seen per year w'as 5,25. Raccoons sighted per 
survey ranged from 1 (1984, 1988,1992, and 1996) to 
