320 
LINYPHIID7E. 
As M. Walckenaer states that the description of his linyphia Clerckii is borrowed from 
Professor Sundevall’s account of Pachygnatha Clerckii , of course it must he regarded, not¬ 
withstanding the great disparity in size, as a synonym of the latter. The spider, represented 
by M. Koch as the Pachygnatha Clerckii of Professor Sundevall (‘Die Arachn.’, B. xii, p. 146, 
tab. 430, fig. 1067) is quite distinct from that species, and is admitted to be an immature 
individual by M. Koch himself, who remarks, “ Ich fand sie auf einer Reise in der Nahe von 
Zweibriicken, aber nur Weibchen und diese nicht im Zustande vollstandiger Ausbildung; ein 
solches stellt die hier gegebene Abbildung vor.” 
Mr. Thomas Blackwall met with Pachygnatha Clerckii, which pairs in October, under 
stones and rubbish in the township of Crumpsall, in the autumn, 1831; and specimens of it 
have since been received from Yorkshire, Middlesex, Cambridgeshire, Northamptonshire, and 
Berwickshire. Mr. R. Templeton states that it is common in Ireland. In it are combined 
several striking characteristics of the species composing the genera Theridion and Tetragnatha. 
Allied to the former by the structure of the oral apparatus, and by the irregularity of the 
insignificant web it fabricates, it resembles the latter in the form and relative length of its 
legs, which it frequently extends in the same manner as Tetragnatha extensa; thus closely 
connecting the Linyphiidre with the Theridiice and Epeirida;. 
Pachygnatha Listeri. PI. XXII, fig. 234. 
Pachygnatha Listeri, Sund., Yet. Acad. Handl., 1829, p. 210. 
— — Blackw., Annals and Mag. of Nat. Hist., second series, vol. ix, 
p. 467. 
Manduculus limatus, Blackw., Linn. Trans., vol. xviii, p. 667. 
Length of the female, , 1 th of an inch; length of the cephalo-thorax, T jth, breadth, y 5 th; 
breadth of the abdomen, T ' 3 th; length of an anterior leg, ^ths; length of a leg of the third 
pair, 5 th. 
The abdomen is oviform, thinly clothed with short hairs, convex above, projecting over 
the base of the cephalo-thorax; it is of a red-brown colour, with a series of white, angular 
lines, whose vertices are directed forwards, extending along the middle of the upper part; on 
each side there is a broad, irregular, yellowish band, which is palest at its superior margin, 
and is tinged with light, red-brown below; an obscure, yellowish streak extends along each 
side of the medial line of the under part; and the branchial opercula have a dull-yellow tint. 
The cephalo-thorax is large, convex, glossy, marked with minute punctures, and has an 
indentation in the medial line; it is compressed before, rounded on the sides and in front, 
and is of a red-brown colour, with a black, longitudinal band in the middle, and a few obscure 
spots of the same hue on the sides, immediately above the margins. The sternum is heart- 
shaped, marked with minute punctures, and resembles in colour the ground of the cephalo- 
thorax. The falces are convex in front, armed with teeth on the inner surface, and have a 
very dark, reddish-brown hue, approaching to black, that of the maxillae and lip being dark, 
reddish-brown. The legs are sparingly supplied with hairs, and have a pale, yellowish-brown 
