778 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
temperature of the soil of the center reached 59°; when the 
maximum for the summer was reached in August, it rose to 
69° one day. From then on it did not fall below 58°, but 
still remained from one to four degrees below the back strand 
temperature. 
Air Temperatures. The temperature of the air of the back 
strand one meter from the surface, showed many fluctuations. 
It varied from 55° to 74° for the first half of July, reaching its 
maximum with the soil and water, and almost reaching the 
record of the latter, to fall suddenly two days later to 54°. 
From then it ranged from 53° to 70°. When the summer 
maximum was reached in mid-August it reached 81°, remain¬ 
ing one week above 70°. From then on the temperature was not 
far from 65°. The temperature of the air at the center station 
Was, with few exceptions, a little higher than that of the back 
strand, never more than two degrees below. Through July it 
ranged from 54° to 73°, reaching a July maximum with the 
other station. From August 2 to August 30 it did not fall be¬ 
low 62° except for one day of showers when it fell to 59°. It 
reached the maximum of 85° on August 20 when the water 
close to the island reached its maximum of 84°. The air on the 
main land at the same time was reported as being several de¬ 
grees higher. 
A few other records were taken at other points on the island, 
for comparisons, at the same time that quadrat studies were 
being carried on. At one point about ten meters from the 
south shore the temperature of the air one meter from the sur¬ 
face was recorded for one week (July 27 to August 4) at in¬ 
tervals of one hour during the morning. At mid-day there was 
a range from 59° to 74°, from one to four degrees higher than 
the readings at the main station earlier in the morning. The 
lowest record was 55°, at nine o’clock; this was for one day, all 
other days showing more than 60°. Also, the temperature of 
the surface of the soil was taken near the same point for several 
days during the last three weeks of August at intervals through¬ 
out the morning. The range was from 57° to 65° at nine 
o’clock; and from 65° to 92° at one o’clock. The afternoon 
record showed 91° at 3 :45. The temperature of the soil at the 
