Krey—John of Salisbury and the Classics. 973 
sions, as Schaarschmidt has pointed out, had probably become 
familiar quotations and they are entirely insufficient to serve 
as a basis for a definite assertion of his familiarity with the 
Odes. 
Under the title “Ethici” Juvenal and Persius are also quoted. 
They were special favorites with John. He takes more than 
eighty direct quotations from them. He confesses his weak¬ 
ness for them in several places but it is significant that he 
does not distinguish between the two. 1 Ho where does he men¬ 
tion Persius by name, nor does he designate him by any dis¬ 
tinctive title though his possession of both of them is quite 
certain. This peculiarity may be explained by the theory that 
the two satirists were published, then as now, in the same 
edition, and that the name of the second may have been lost. 2 
From the frequency and accuracy of his quotations, however, it 
seems certain that he not only read the works of these writers 
but had them before him as he wrote. 
Another satirist of the Homan world, whom John uses ex¬ 
tensively is Petronius. The satires, like those of the writers 
just mentioned, are freely culled from and in one place he has 
copied word for word the whole story of the woman of Ephesus 
which covers two of the large pages in Migne’s text. The ac¬ 
curacy of this quotation, coupled with the fact that the text 
was in general use can scarcely leave doubt as to his possession 
of the work. With respect to the “Cena Trimalchionis,” which 
he also cites, there is not so much certainty. This work was 
very rare, the only manuscript of that time now extant having 
been discovered in Dalmatia. Still, the relative accuracy of 
his citations is such that there can be no doubt as to their 
source. He had probably read the work on one of his journeys 
and remembered it vividly enough to cite from it, for he could 
not have obtained his material in such shape from any inter¬ 
mediate source. 
Martial’s Epigrammata must be considered with the works 
of the Satirists as one of the sources upon which John drew 
in his criticism of existing vanities. This writer whom for 
1 Migne, p. 596, et passim. 
2 Migne, p. 596, et passim. 
