50 
MR. W. K. PARKER OK THE STRUCTURE AND 
The nasal processes of the premaxillaries (fig. 1, px.) are less, but the palatal 
(fig. 2) are larger, and the right bone is much the larger of the two where it joins the 
palatal part of the maxillary; there is a small septo-maxillary also on the right side 
(fig. 1, s.mx .). 
The maxillaries and quadrato-jugals (mx. , q.j.) are much alike in both species; the 
squamosal (sq.) ends abruptly over the auditory mass, and not as a triangular process 
(see also Plate 6, fig. 1); its postorbital process is deeper; the mandible (fig. 3) has 
a crest to the dentary, and the coronoid process of the articulare is high. 
The “annulus” («.£y.) is large and complete. The parts of the “middle ear” are 
similar to those of the last, except that the inter-stapedial (fig. 5, i.st.) is larger and is 
well ossified, the medio-stapedial (rn.st.) straighter, and the extra-stapedial ( e.st .) 
broad and orbicular; the supra-stapedial (s.st.) is coalesced above. 
The stylo-hyal ends of the hyoid bands are confluent above ; the whole bar is perfect 
and normal on the left side, but on the right, it is absorbed from the hypo-hyal nearly 
to the stylo-hyal regions (Plate 7, fig. 4, c.ky., h.hy.). 
The differences to be seen between this and the last are largely due to diminished 
size and strength; these variations, as compared to what is seen in the lesser types, 
are largely due to their greater bulk. But there is a residuum of variations that 
cannot fairly be j>ut down to these causes. There are in this species :— 
1. A small but definite prenasal rostrum. 
2. A small septo-maxillary on the right side only, but the nasal angle in its ascent 
has a solid bony mass formed in it. 
3. A crested dentary. 
4. The right cerato-hyal absorbed. 
5. Stylo-hyal confluent, above. 
6. Supra-stapedials confluent, above. 
7. Inter-stapedial well ossified. 
8. Quadrate partly ossified. 
9. Rudiment of a superorbital plate. 
13. Rana Kuhli. —Male; 2^ inches long ; two-thirds grown. Ceylon. 
This large, but not full grown, Frog belongs to the most aberrant species of its 
genus, and its peculiarities are the stronger expression of what is more feebly seen to 
particularise the other Oriental kinds of Rana. 
We shall see in this type how near the characters of a species of this genus may 
come to those of types which lie at the furthest distance from the model-form ;— 
borderers and mixed breeds, so to speak, that help to break the isolation of the mam 
group, and to show its affinities to the groups that encompass it round about. 
As to general form, this skull (Plate 7, figs. 6-10) is half a moderately long ellipse, 
and has very neat outline. 
