] 02 
MR. W. K. PARKER ON THE STRUCTURE AND 
maxillaries (mx.) are thin, high shells in front, and have a slender jugal process; the 
quadrato-jugal (q.j.) only fastens on, does not ossify into, the quadrate. 
As compared with the normal skull, this of Lymnodynastes has many curious points 
of difference; it would fit in among the skulls of Australian “ Anura,” generally, 
better than among those of the Palmarctic region, even those of its own “ Family” :—- 
1. It is a frail skull, the outer bones very feeble. 
2. It is greatly depressed. 
3. Its nasal region is one-third longer, and much broader than in the type. 
4. The prootics are confluent with the ex-occipitals above. 
5. The tegmen cranii is extremely developed, behind, in front, and also over the 
edges of the skull, so that there is only one small median fontanelle. 
6. The front o-pa rietals fail to cover the space. 
7. The fore part of the palato-suspensorial cartilage is very broad and large, and 
the hind part unusually small. 
8. The dentigenous stem of each vomer is very long and sub-transverse in position. 
9. The annulus tympanicus is only two-thirds the normal size. 
10. The columella is arrested and very small, without inter- or supra-stapedials. 
Sixth genus. Camariolius. 
24. (A) Camariolius ( Pterophrynus ) tasmaniensis (?) —Adult female; f inch long. 
Australia.'" 
1. Skull of the adult. —This is one of the smallest of the Batrachia ; mine had large 
ripe ovaries, and was only f inch (9 lines) long; Dr. Gunther (see note) gives 13 lines 
as the length of two, and 1 inch for the length of a third, species. 
This is a long skull (Plate 19, figs. 1, 2), for its breadth is but little greater than 
its length ; the contrast is much greater in a large number of “ Anura.” 
Knowing this to be an adult, a satisfactory comparison can be made of its skull with 
that of the typical species. 
This skull is the frailest I have yet seen in the group ; and this not only as to the 
small quantity of hone that enters into its composition, but because of the economy as 
to cartilage also. 
I shall describe, in their turn, other very minute skulls from the same region. 
The occipital condyles (Plate 19, figs. 1, 2, oc.c.) are rounded in form, and largely 
inferior in position ; the interspace is moderate, and gently emarginate. 
The auditory capsules have the large ovoidal fulness of form seen in the young of 
the larger kinds, but they are intensely ossified ; their retention of the ovoidal form, 
with but little tegmen, is one cause of the relative narrowness of the skull. 
* For a description of this genus see Gunther, Proc. Zool. Soc., 1864, pp. 46-49. That author has 
examined this specimen for me, and considers it to be either C. tasmaniensis, or the one most akin to 
that species. 
