188 
ME, W. K. PARKER ON THE STRUCTURE AND 
the middle ; the fore part of its head is bent, adze-lihe. The facial part of the 
maxillary is very high, so also, although lower, is the jugal part up to where it is 
united, by suture, with the squamosal. 
The parasphenoid ( pa.s .) is a very large, but truly Hyline, hone ; the four rays all 
run to sharpish angles ; the wide blade is swollen, and then rapidly attenuated ; the 
guard is unusually wide, and the handle is a large, low triangle. The vomers (v.) are 
perfectly typical ; they touch the sides of the septum, but not each other, and each 
carries an oblique, oval, rather large, dentigerous boss. 
The difference between this skull and that of Tlyla albomarginata can be seen 
better by reference to the figures than by any description. This skull is about equi¬ 
distant from that of the typical Ream, and that of such a Neotropical Bufo as 
B. chilensis, or the Ethiopian B. pantherinus ; it nevertheless keeps the Hyline 
characters intact, whilst diverging less in some things from the norma than the species 
of Hyla. The divergence of such a species as this from an oxydactyle Frog may have 
been gentle and gradual; there was no morphological stumbling-block to be got over 
of any importance whatever. The likeness of this skull to the “ norma” is as instructive 
as its unlikeness. 
1. The whole skull is short, solid, strong, and deep ; and the osseous tracts of the 
endocranium, although well, and almost normally, limited by cartilage, are remark¬ 
ably Bufonine. 
2. The sculpturing of the very strong outer bones is another variation. 
3. The bones of the hind skull are anchylosed above on the same side. 
4. The quadrate condyles have only partially retreated. 
5. The fontanelle is single, and partially open. 
6. There is a distinct prenasal rostrum. 
7. The septo-maxillaries are wanting. 
8. There is a wide post-palatine lobe. 
9. The horns of the annulus are wide apart, 
10. There is no proximal segment of, nor ascending process from, the small columella. 
11. The stylo-hyal is confluent above, there is no hypo-hyal lobe, and the basal 
plate is short, and has small lateral lobes. 
52. (B) Nototrema mar sup) latum. -—Larva, 24 inches long ; body, 1 inch ; tail, 1-g- inch; 
hind legs, 13 lines ; right fore leg free, 1 inch long; left fore leg still under the 
operculum. South America. 
This skull is at a very important stage; the larval structures are all present, and 
the permanent structures are fast coming in. Its shape (Plate 30, figs. 10, 11), 
now, is a short oval, for while the quadrate cartilage is where it was, right and left, 
the cornua trabeculae have dwindled down remarkably; nevertheless, all the external 
