G88 
MR. J. R. LARGLEY OR THE HISTOLOGY ARD 
outer clear zone is present. Under ordinary circumstances the granules of the inner 
zone are not massed around the lumen but spread out through the inner two-thirds or 
even more of the cells; different glands vary widely in this respect. The small size of 
the granules at the time of maximum change often makes in the living glands the 
outer zone appear larger than it realJy is. 
In about four and a-half hours the cells begin to return to their normal state. The 
changes above described disappear with astonishing rapidity, and in six to eight hours 
the granules are large and stretch to the outer border of the cells. The anterior 
glands, indeed, then differ very slightly from normal “hungry” glands. What differ¬ 
ence still exists gradually disappears during the remainder of the digestive period. 
The recovery of the normal condition proceeds more slowly in the posterior than in 
the anterior oxyntic glands. 
Since it takes twelve to twenty-four hours for the stomach to empty itself, it is 
obvious that the regenerative processes go on very actively at a period when the 
secretory processes are also still active. 
The time and the extent of the several changes are very greatly affected by the 
condition of the animal and the amount of food given to it. 
Thus, if it is fed with several worms instead of with one, not only are the changes 
more pronounced, but they also continue much longer; so that in twenty-four hours 
from the beginning of digestion the gland-cells may be somewhat small and darkly 
stained and possess comparatively few and small granules. 
A like alteration in the extent and duration of the changes is produced by feeding 
a Newt which has long fasted. At the time of maximum change after such treatment 
the alteration from the normal “ hungry ” state is most remarkable. The great 
majority of the glands are devoid of granules and devoid of mucous cells as such; the 
gland-cells are small, the greater part of the cell being taken up by the nucleus ; the 
cell-substance stains deeply with osmic acid. Plate 78, fig. 5, represents an anterior 
oxyntic gland in this condition. The amount of change which takes place here sug¬ 
gests that in the fasting animal the formative processes go on more slowly than 
normally (see Frog, p. 677). 
Another interesting variation commonly occurs when the food for some reason or 
other is digested with unwonted slowness. The rapid diminution in the size of the cells 
during the first four hours of digestion does not take place, but the cells diminish 
in size and the granules in size and number for many hours, the former more slowly 
than the latter; it is under such circumstances that the distinction of the outer and 
inner zone is most plainly seen. 
The question of an increase of granules during the first hours of digestion is in 
much the same state as the similar question with regard to the oesophageal glands of 
the Frog (see p. 673). Apparently in some Newts, the oxyntic glands of which are 
already less granular than normal, a preliminary increase takes place, but in the 
normal hungry Newt I have failed to observe any such increase. It will be noticed, 
