CAUDA-GALLI GRIT. 
129 
is continuous, they are broken or uninterrupted. The size of the forms vary from about four 
inches to a foot or more in diameter. They are more or less circular, and have no well de¬ 
fined outline, in which they differ from the next in kind. 
No. 2, has a well defined outline, which characterizes all that were found in the two higher 
positions, being found in three distinct ones in the New-York system, as it exists in the State. 
No. 2 is rare in the grit, but common in the higher rocks ; this being the only specimen re¬ 
membered to have been seen with a well defined outline. The force which moved the rays or 
particles which gave rise to this form, was excentric, returning upon itself in parallels, like 
the movement of a comet. In the upper rock, appearances still more singular are met with. 
The material of which these forms are composed is as yet unknown, being too minute to 
be detected by ordinary means. Some of the specimens from the upper rock are of a black 
color, which evidently was the result of a subsequent deposit, as in the coating of the cypri- 
cardites in the sandstone quarry to the south of Rome. This fact is of importance in this 
respect, that it shows that there was space for a deposit, or coating between the surfaces. 
The feathery forms are usually numerous in all its localities in the district: they are gene¬ 
rally arranged in parallels ; and from their broad surface and little adhesion, the rock readily 
breaks in the direction in which they are placed, thereby giving to it an irregular fissile cha¬ 
racter. 
This rock is first seen at the east of the district, to the north of Cherry-Valley village; 
being a thick mass in the first district, from whence it passes west. It appears on the road 
to Fort-Plain ; the road to Judd’s furnace ; and along the brook between the two roads. The 
best specimens of these three localities are to be obtained at the latter one. At all these 
localities it is of a light drab color, its fracture fine granular and dull. It is slightly cal¬ 
careous, and by the action of heat, a red appearance is produced; no other change takes 
place, and it makes a good fire stone. It rests upon the Catskill shaly limestone apparently, 
but the line of juncture is not evident, the Oriskany sandstone not having been seen at that 
locality, as its position is concealed by soil, etc. 
It is again met with in place on the road from Cherry-Valley to Springfield, near to where 
the road to Cooperstown from Fort-Plain crosses it. It forms a rise or small elevation on the 
south side of the road. It is quarried for the adjoining enclosures : its color is drab and 
brownish, the latter more altered. Some of the former color contains green grains, resem¬ 
bling those in the upper part of the fucoidal layers at Canajoharie. 
The rock again appears in the road from Fort-Plain to Richford springs, in the town of 
Warren, Herkimer county. Beyond this county to the west, it was not seen in place, and 
must come to an end near the east line of Oneida county. Numerous fragments of the grit 
are met with in many parts of its range in Otsego and Herkimer counties, along the line oi 
its outcrop, and for some miles south of it. It appears to wear away, but not to decompose. 
This grit exists in New Jersey near the Delaware in Sussex county, but has not been no¬ 
ticed elsewhere. In that State the same impressions exist, and equally abundant. They are 
described by its Geologist, “ as a circular disc, often a foot in diameter, of radiating arched 
Geol. 3d Dist. 17 
