184 
GEOLOGY OF THE THIRD DISTRICT. 
a common centre ; the breadth of rays enlarging for a certain distance from the point of de¬ 
parture, beyond which they are slightly variable. These rays are crossed by a second series, 
parallel to each other, the whole compressed together, resembling the geographic lines of a 
globe ; and were they lines and not surfaces, they would be perfectly comparative excepting 
for the distances between the two series. Having the appearance of woven tape, it has been 
named Uphantenia, from itpavros, woven, and tcenia, tape, and specifically chemungensis, after 
the rock in which it is found. The specimen is evidently not entire in any of its parts. When 
whole, it formed in all probability a large portion of a circle. Doubtless it was a marine plant, 
but wholly different from any thing which has come under notice. The engraving, though 
sufficiently accurate, is much inferior in effect to the original. The scale is the same, but 
some of the extreme parts were left out to suit the block. 
There is another extraordinary fossil, as regards the position in which it is found. It belongs 
either to the lower part of this group, or the upper part of the Ithaca. It is sufficiently well 
preserved to show that the echinides are its associates. It is circular in form, measuring two 
inches and seven-tenths in diameter. Its five ambulacra are very 
distinct and simple in their structure, consisting of two furrows 
quite near to each other, passing from the centre to the circum¬ 
ference ; on both sides of which are a series of short parallel lines 
or furrows, perpendicular to the former ones, the whole breadth 
of the ambulacra being four-tenths of an inch. There appears 
to be the remains of two if not three others upon the same slab, 
which shows innumerable slender spines, about half an inch in 
length, strewed over parts of its surface. Should this fossil be¬ 
long to the genus Echinus, its name will be E. drydenensis, or 
Dry den echinus; having been brought from a quarry in the town 
of Dryden, with other stones, to Ithaca, and found by Mr. B. G. 
Ferris of that village, who loaned it to the State, subject to his 
order. 
The last fossil to be noticed in this group, is the one figured in 
wood-cut 51. It was found in Allen’s quarry, near the village of 
Owego, by Mr. Car, an assistant of the survey. It was without 
doubt a terrene plant, in parts showing small portions of bark or 
surface being converted to coal. Its surface is quite peculiar; 
the cast, as in the engraving, being covered with hexagonal forms 
like those of columnaria, but far more regular, showing a con¬ 
nection of structure between corallines and plants. The centres 
of the cells were depressed, one end rather more than the other, 
which appears as a protuberance in its mould. The surface of 
the part in the wood-cut, which represents the stem of the plant, 
is altogether imaginary, its structure being entirely obliterated, 
whereas the bed or matrix which surrounded it is well preserved. 
