CHENANGO COUNTY. 
293 
and the east side of the town of New-Berlin, with the exception of those parts towards the 
the river, where the rocks of the Hamilton group hold position. 
Numerous quarries are opened in all the different towns in this group, for building-stones, 
and for flagging: the better kind of the latter occurs in the lower part of the group. The 
first year of the survey, several points south of Sherburne were examined, among which was 
Mr. Skinner’s quarry, where the flags were large and smooth, but the quantity of shale and 
slate upon them was considerable. At Church’s quarry, about two miles from the village, they 
were more accessible, but not so good. The opening here is about twenty feet in depth 
upon a side-hill, rising about forty feet above the valley, and showing dark blue or blackish 
slaty shale with the sandstone. The same appear in the quarry at the back of North New- 
Berlin village, showing the Graphic fucoids of Cayuga lake, Ithaca, &c. 
West of North-Norwich, in the higher parts of the group, is the quarry of Mr. Harris, 
opened for the Chenango canal. The stone is of fair quality for the group generally. Fossils 
are somewhat numerous, and it is the second best locality of the Curtain fucoid. 
At Norwich, the county town, many quarries have been opened in the hill to the west of the 
village and elsewhere: the stone is inferior in quality to that of the upper group. 
Chemung group. With the exception of the town of Greene, this group is rather obscure 
in the county. But little was positively recognized in the Chenango valley to the north of that 
town; although from its great thickness south and west, it should there appear; but it is also 
possible that it terminates short of the north line of the Catskill group, which may extend 
beyond it as at Oneonta, where no part of it was recognized, and where the Catskill group 
appears to repose immediately upon the Portage and Ithaca groups, or a mass which corre¬ 
sponds with the side-hill quarries at Norwich and Port Crane, and which by the fossil cha¬ 
racter are referable only to those groups. 
The consequence of the Catskill group overlapping the Chemung group to the northeast of 
its range in the district, was not sufficiently attended to; but this can be no subject of sur¬ 
prise to those acquainted with like, or any other kind of investigations. After a full digest 
of the facts collected has been made, very little observation in the field will remove all diffi¬ 
culties. There were none supposed to exist, until too late in the survey to commence a re¬ 
examination. 
The valley is quite broad at Greene, and level, and the hills appear to diminish in height 
going from Norwich to that village. The outlines of the hills are low curves, forming surfaces 
of great beauty, and admitting of ordinary or plough cultivation. 
The only opening noticed in the hills at Greene, near the village, is Cameron’s quarry, 
which was wrought for the canal. In mineral character, the contents of the quarry greatly 
resemble the group in most of its other localities. There are fossils which show identity. It 
also contains the large species of encrinite, so common, and which appears to be confined to 
this group : it is almost invariably replaced, in great part or wholly, with lamellar carbonate of 
iron. The upper part of the quarry is a compact rock with concretions, and the lower part 
consists of thin and irregular masses with slaty shale: the floor of the quarry showed tenta- 
culites. 
