RUDDY DUCK. 
167. Erismatura jamaicensis. 15 inches. 
This species may always be recognized by the reddish brown 
upper parts; blackish head, with white cheeks and chin and 
under parts silvery white with grayish wash next to the ruddy. 
Bill is very stout and broad at the end, and the tail feathers 
are very stiff and pointed. Females have back, crown and 
sides grayish, cheeks showing traces of white as on the male. 
These ducks are very quick either in the water, on land, or 
in flight. 
Nest. —They are usually made of grass and rushes and gen¬ 
erally lined with down in which are placed their eggs to the 
number of from 8 to 12 of a grayish white color (2.40 x 1.75) 
unusually large for the size of the bird. 
Range. —The whole of North America, breeding from Cen¬ 
tral British Columbia southward as far as Lower California. 
SNOW GOOSE. 
169. Chen liyperboreus liyperboreus. 26 inches. 
Plumage entirely white with primaries tipped with black. 
This is the smallest species of the Snow Goose, the eastern 
variety being some ten inches longer, found in N. A., west of 
the Mississippi River. 
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