1086 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
rognon) from *renione- ? occurs in Hicolo Eorteguerri and Brac- 
ciolini, both of Pistoia 1 . 
11. The Prefix DE-.—The development is similar to that 
of RE-, but the prefix was by no means so common or so popu¬ 
lar 1 : DI before consonants, D—E, being elided—before vowels. 
12. Examples of the development of DE- before consonants,, 
words of the old language and of the modern: (the preposi¬ 
tion di,) dieatti, dichiarare, difendere, digiuno, digrignare,. 
digrumare, dileguare, dilettare, dilombarsi, diluviare, diman- 
dare, dimen are, dimenticare, dimorare, dinoccolato, dirazzare,. 
dirotto, discendere, disegno, disertare, dispetto, divenire, etc. 
13. Exceptions: 
(a) In modern Italian,—all more or less literary: 
debellare, literary, 
decadere (dicadimento in G. Vil¬ 
iam), 
decapitare (di- in G. Villani). 
decidere, 
declamare, 
declinare (dichinare in Dante, 
Bibbiena, G. Villani, Sae- 
chetti, Pucci), 
decollare, literary (di- in G. Vil¬ 
lani, dicollazione in M. Vil¬ 
lani ), 
decremento (dicrescenza in Cel¬ 
lini), 
decretare (dicreto in G. Villani, 
M. Villani, Passavanti), 
deferire, not pop., usually diffe- 
rire (from dis-; diferire in 
Cavalcanti), 
deficiente, not very pop., 
deformare, more com. sformare 
(di- Jacopone), 
defraudare (di- living in the 
mountains), 
degradare (di- is used for the 
literal meaning, and di- in 
Dante and M. Villani), 
de'liberare (de- and di- in the old 
language with di- more fa¬ 
vored), 
delitto (also in Dante, di- in 
Pucci and living in the 
mountains), 
denegare, not com. for negaro 
(di- in G. Villani, Varchi, 
Berni, Guicciardini, cf. di- 
nie'go, mod., for rifiuto). 
deporre (di- in Boccaccio, Dante,. 
Varchi, G. Villani, Sanna- 
zaro), 
deposito (di- in G. Villani), 
depravare, not pop. (di- in Caval¬ 
canti), 
deputare, not pop. (di- in Boccac¬ 
cio, G. Villani, Bibbiena, liv¬ 
ing in the Montagna), 
deridere (di- in Boccaccio), 
derivare (di- in Bembo, Passa¬ 
vanti, Varchi, G. Villani), 
derubare (dirobare in Guittone,. 
dirubare in Dante), 
descrivere (di- Boccaccio, Passa¬ 
vanti), 
desistere, not pop., 
destituire, 
determinare (di- in Dante, G. 
Giudice, Varchi, Boccaccio), 
detrarre, not pop. (di- G. Villani, 
Pucci), 
devoto, divoto is the popular 
form. 
§10. Note 1. See M.-L., Gram. d. L, R., I, §367. Ascoli, A. G., II, p. 
447, gives examples of re- > ar- in Aretine territory; for this phenome¬ 
non, cf. also. Gascon. 
§11. Note’ 1. Dis- was tbe popular prefix, often reduced to s-. See 
§17 and Grandgent’s Introd. to Vulgar Latin, §25. 
