58 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
three very small ones in the southwestern part, although there 
is much marshy land scattered throughout the area. Most of 
this is not contiguous to the larger streams, and much of it is 
being drained for commercial reasons. A considerable part of 
the county is wooded, almost entirely by deciduous trees, al¬ 
though much land has been cleared’ for farming purposes. 
There are also small patches tending toward prairie formation 
in the southwestern part. One other small locality in the 
northern part of the county, along the Milwaukee river south 
of Whitefish Bay also supports several typical prairie forms like 
Panicum virgatum and Spartina Michauxiana. In the region 
to the south of Bay View, there are a few small open sandy 
places, and beaches of very limited extent occur sporadically 
along the shore of Lake Michigan. Railroads enter the county 
from the west, and these have afforded paths for the ingress of 
several typically western species which appear to have estab¬ 
lished themselves within the county. 
From its geographical position, the region under considera¬ 
tion lies close to the northern limit of the upper austral zone 
as defined by Merriam, 1 and therefore, besides a predominance 
of the species characteristic of this zone, affords a congenial en¬ 
vironment for many forms belonging to the adj oining ' more 
northern transition zone. 
The present list is based on collections made during three 
seasons and a part of a fourth, and while quite likely not com¬ 
plete, undoubtedly includes the great majority of species oc¬ 
curring within the county. In all, 101 species and varieties 
are listed, which include a number of cultivated forms that 
occur regularly and actually form a part of the present flora. 
The grasses of Milwaukee county have been previously enumer¬ 
ated twice in connection with general lists of the flowering 
plants of this region, first by Wheeler 2 in a short paper which 
gives also considerable general matter pertaining to the county ; 
and later by Russel, 3 but as little attention has hitherto been 
1 Bull. U. S. Biol. Surv. No. 10. (1898.) 
2 Proc. Nat. Hist. Soc. Wisconsin, 1888, pp. 187-189. 
s Bull. Wisconsin Nat. Hist. Soc. vol. 5, pp. 172-175. (1907.) 
