422 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
stituted seventy-five per cent by count and seventy-eight per 
cent by weight of the total vegetation. 
Calamagrostis canadensis was abundant and frequent, and 
constituted twenty-five per cent by count and twenty-one per 
cent per weight of the total. This relatively low figure for 
weight is due to the fact that at nearly all points in this asso¬ 
ciation the culms were weak and slender so that even in mid¬ 
summer they were able to surmount Car ex strict a in height only 
in a few patches. 
Prom table 2 we see that but fifteen species were found here 
and that there is a marked decrease in the number of dicots. 
The line of contact of the Lycopus Caricetum and the outer 
edge of this association is marked in this changed character of 
the vegetation. There is also, seemingly, an increase of water 
content, a decrease of transported soil in the surface layers and 
a change to a pure blue clay substratum which is about three 
and one-half feet below the surface. As is shown by the plots 
in plate 19, the highest development of Carex stricta is reached 
in this part of the transect and for the convenience the portion 
from five hundred to seven hundred fifty feet of the south edge 
of the marsh may be called a Caricetum. 
Calamagrostis Caricetum: Prom eight hundred feet to nearly 
fifteen hundred feet is found the wettest portion of the transect. 
Carex aguatilis, Carex filiformis, and Carex Sartwellii are lim¬ 
ited to this portion of the marsh as is shown by curves in Plate 
III. Carex stricta is abundant but has dropped to twenty-two 
per cent by number and fifteen per cent by weight. The sedges, 
however, constitute sixty-five per cent of the total by count and 
about the same by weight. 
Calamagrostis canadensis leads in totals for any one species. 
By count it constitutes thirty-four per cent and by weight 
thirty-six per cent. It is in this portion of the marsh that this 
species reached its best development and considerable patches of 
it reached the height of from four to five feet thus completely 
overtopping all other species. 
There is, in this portion of the marsh, marked fluctuation 
within short distances in regard to the presence of the several 
