SECOND ANNUAL REPORT—STRATIGRAPHIC GEOLOGY. 
161 
ridge of the tongue is formed by an Indian shell mound. There is an Indian 
burial mound at its base, on its northeast side, and about one-fourth of a mile 
east of Osprey. Portions of a skeleton enveloped and partly replaced by limonite 
were found at this locality. Dr. Hrdlicka had a pit about 3L> feet deep dug at 
this place, and exposed the following section: 
4. Black soil, about ..... 1 foot. 
3. Grayish or white sand, about .... 2 feet. 
2 . Irregular bed of yellowish sand, continuous with the above..a few inches. 
1. Greenish, argillaceous, and sandy layer.—Thickness unknown. 
The yellowish sand is the layer in which the skeleton was found. 
A study of the lower end of the shell mound on its side next to the bay 
gave the following section : 
4. Black soil ....Several inches- 
3. Shells, numerous species, all of which are recent, about. 4 feet. 
2. The base of the mound contains shells, many of which are 
cemented together and filled with ferruginous sandstone.; 
others are filled with greenish sand. All stages from the 
green sand to the ferruginous sandstone are represented. 
The layer is not uniformly developed, occurring only in places 6 inches. 
1. Green sand to the water level in the bay.—Thickness undetermined. 
A collection of shells was made from numbers 2 and 3 of the section and 
were determined by Dr. Wm. H. Dali. 
All the species found in No. 2 were also found in No. 3, and all of them 
are recent. 
The geologic age of 2 and 3 is post-Pleistocene. Both from the contained 
fossils and stratigraphic relations they are younger than the Pleistocene of North 
Creek. The material in which the fossil human remains were found in the old 
burial mound seems to correspond to the ferruginous layer at the base of the 
shell mound, and can scarcely be older—that is, the human remains are post- 
Pleistocene in age. 
Conclusions as to the Age of the Human Remains. 
1. No importance can be attached to the fossilized condition of the human 
remains found at any one of the three localities studied. 
2. At Osprey, where paleontologic and stratigraphic evidence is available, 
the evidence is in favor of the human remains being geologically recent. 
3. Positive paleontologic and stratigraphic evidence is absent at the locality 
between 1 and 2 miles south of Osprey and at Hanson’s landing. In each locality, 
there is no evidence to favor the remains being geologically as old even as 
Pleistocene. 
4. All of the positive evidence and the conditions under which these fossil¬ 
ized human bones were found in Florida favor the opinion that man geologically 
is a recent immigrant into that area. 
For an account of human remains found on Rock Island in Lake 
Monroe, the reader may consult the First Annual Report of this 
Survey, p. 25, 1908. 
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