SECOND ANNUAL, REPORT-SOUTHERN EEORIDA. 
209 
EXPOSED PEEISTOCENE FORMATIONS. 
The surficial deposits of Pleistocene age comprise limestones, 
coquina, and sands. The limestones form bare ridges and occur as 
inconspicuous scattered outcrops. The coquina lies along or back of 
many miles of ocean beach on the east coast and the sands mantle the 
surface of the greater part of the pineland. 
The limestones described on the following pages are alike in being 
of marine origin, but non-marine limestones probably occur. Dali has 
mentioned the finding of hard ringing aeolian limestone on Corkscrew 
Creek, southeast of the mouth of Caloosahatchee River, and there is 
reason to believe that scattered deposits corresponding to the Planorbis 
rock of Dali will be found toward Lake Okeechobee or between Caloosa¬ 
hatchee River and the Big Cypress. In the localities visited by the 
writer, however, but one occurrence of a possibly non-marine lime¬ 
stone was noted, a soft loosely-compacted rock lying in lumps in the 
flatlands over an area but a few rods across, three miles west of West 
Palm Beach. 
The marine limestones seen are classified on the basis of litho¬ 
logy and areal extent as the Palm Beach limestone, Miami oolite, Key 
Largo limestone, .Key West oolite and Lostmans River limestone. 
PAEM BEACH EIMESTONE. 
Synonymy:—Reference to the limestone on the east side of the 
Everglades and to limestone forming the eastern rim appear in various 
early accounts of travelers and of army officers who traversed the 
Everglades, but no distinctive term has been applied by any one, so 
far as is known, to the inconspicuous outcrops of limestone sparsely 
scattered through the pineland, cypress swamp and prairie along the 
eastern side of the Everglades from Delray northward. The term 
Palm Beach limestone is here used to distinguish these non-oolitic 
marine limestones because the outcrops are found throughout a con¬ 
siderable extent of country in the eastern part of Palm Beach County. 
Though the outcrops are few and separated, it seems probable that 
the limestone extends northward into St. Lucie County and is the 
equivalent of limestones described by Matson and Clapp, in the earlier 
pages of this report. 
Stratigraphic Position:—As the exposures are all low, mere heads 
of rock, projecting a few inches to a foot above the surrounding sands, 
and as there are no good sections showing the rock, so far as reported, 
along any of the rivers that flow from the Everglades, little is known 
of the stratigraphic relations of the Palm Beach limestone. It is over- 
lain by the sands of the pineland and the sands and peat of the Ever- 
