44 
MR. W. K. PARKER OK THE STRUCTURE AKD 
the skull, with its more outspread zygomatic arches, and its more definite orbital waist. 
The premaxillaries, maxillaries, lacrymals, jugals, and squamosals (px., mx., 1., j., sq.) 
are all fairly in view in this aspect. Plight and left of the median suture the 
three main roof bones, nasal, frontal, and parietal (n.,f, p.), finish the roof; here, as in 
Tatusia, there is no interparietal, so large in the Insectivora. Both the nasals and 
the parietals are relatively about one-third larger in this kind, so that the frontals do 
not cover so large a proportion of the roof, nor are they specially swollen over the 
lateral ethmoids. Postero-laterally, the temporal fossse, which open freely into the 
orbit, are well seen from above, and the squamosals form a rounded angle, behind, 
over the opisthotic cartilage (see fig. 1, op.). Mesiad of those elbows, the hind margin 
of the skull forms a neatish quadrant, the inner half of which is the ossified supra- 
occipital (s.o.), which turns over the roof to an extent equal to half the sagittal suture; 
the lambdoidal suture is gently sinuous, the convexity of the line looking forwards in 
the middle and backwards at the sides. 
If the side view be compared with that of the other kind (Plate 7, fig. 3 ; and Plate 6, 
fig. 3) the general likeness and the special differences of the two kinds will be seen. 
Here, the premaxillaries (px.) are twice as large, and the lacrymals (/.) only half 
the size of those of Tatusia; then the frontals (f.) being flatter, the maxillaries (mx.) 
are larger behind ; their infraorbital foramen (V 2 .) is higher up and more exposed. 
The smaller lozenge-shaped lacrymal (l.) has its canal ( l.c .) nearly in the middle of the 
facial part, and this bone, with the jugal (j.) and frontal (f.) form a more rounded and 
neater orbital rim, two-thirds round the space. But the orbit and the temporal fossa 
do but form one general valley, reaching from the lacrymal to a point over the head 
of the malleus (ml.). 
Tne coronal suture is formed by the sinuous line of union of the thick edged 
frontals and parietals ; it ends, below, on the squamosal, at its front third, opposite 
the end of the jugal, which bone (j.) is flat, thick, and especially enlarged both before 
and behind, where it rests on the maxillary, and where the jugal process of the 
squamosal rests on it. If the squamosal (sq.) shows more in the upper, it shows less 
in the side view; its pre- and postglenoid processes are small, but the post-temporal 
part grows well down over the hinder tympanic recess. 
Looking under the jugal, we see a small part of the orbitosphenoid, with its optic 
foramen (see fig. 1, 2), the chink for the 1st and 2nd branches of the 5th nerve (V 1,2 .), 
and the alisphenoid, wfith its foramen ovale and the suture across it (V 3 .). Beneath 
these parts the palatal elements—maxillary, palatine, pterygoid (mx., 'pa., pg.) —are 
seen. The hamular process of the pterygoid is seen to look downwards, and to be 
capped with cartilage. The tympanic region is well seen in this side view of the 
skull; the annulus, Meckel’s cartilage, malleus, incus, and membrana tympani (a.ty., 
mk., ml., m.ml.,i.) are all seen, and above them a considerable tract of the squamosal. 
The epihyal (e.liy.) is still continuous with the opisthotic cartilage (op.), and behind it 
the facial nerve (VII.) is emerging ; these parts are very near the end of the skull, 
