330 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters. 
The first division of the Creek territory was made in the 
year 1855. As before mentioned, the Seminoles had been in¬ 
corporated into the Creek nation by the treaty of 1833, but the 
two tribes did not get along well together, and the dissensions 
finally became so violent that the United States government 
intervened and made the treaty of 1856 (11 Stats., 699), by 
which the Creeks ceded to the Seminoles the land between the 
Canadian river and its Xorth Fork, designated as Tract 6, on 
Plate X. 1 
Many of /the Indians in the territory Kvere isilaveholdjers, 
and for this reason and others, when the Civil war broke out 
in 1860, all of the tribes made treaties with the southern con¬ 
federacy and thus severed their relations with the United 
States. Some of the tribes repudiated this action early in the 
war, while others remained allies of the confederates through¬ 
out. At the close of the war, it was necessary to make some 
new arrangement with these Indians, and so a series of fou~ 
treaties was made in the year 1866 with the several tribes. 
By these treaties the Choctaws and Chickasaws converted the 
lease of Tract 5, Plate X, into an absolute conveyance, the 
Seminoles ceded their entire domain, Tract 6, and the Creeks 
the entire western half of their domain, Tract 7, to the United 
States “in compliance with a desire of the United States to 
locate other Indians and freedmen thereon.” 2 
The Cherokees gave up what land they possessed in Kansas 
and also agreed with the United States that all of their land 
west of ninety-six degrees west longitude, which is Tract 8, 
Plate X, should be held in reserve as it were, the United 
States to have power to settle thereon, under certain conditions, 
friendly Indians to whom the Cherokees Would convey the land 
in fee simple and at a price to be agreed upon, but the title and 
jurisdiction of the Cherokees in this land was to remain unim¬ 
paired until so conveyed. 3 Plate XI represents the situation 
1 Sen. Ex. Doc., 78, 51 Cong., 1 Sess., p. 16. 
2 Congressional Record, vol. 18, pp. 335-36; Sen. Ex. Doc., 50, 48 Cong., 
2 Sess., p. 18. 
3 Sen. Ex. Doc., 109, 48 Cong., 1 Sess., p. 2. 
