366 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences,, Arts, and Letters. 
homesteaders in whole sections, so that the settler can have 
enough land to engage in cattle-raising with profit. 1 Should 
the latter suggestion he followed, the land in these counties 
will probably soon be taken up, but otherwise, little further 
occupation can be expected until some; feasible means of irri¬ 
gation is discovered. 
THE government's LAND LOTTERY. 
The last opening of Indian reservations in Oklahoma Ter¬ 
ritory took place in the summer of 1901, when the reservations 
formerly occupied by the Wichita and the Kiowa, Cbmanche 
and Apache tribes (Tracts 3 and 8, Plate XII) were given 
over to white settlement. The Wichita reservation (Tract 8) 
had been treated for by the Cherokee commission, June 4, 
1891, and at the time of the Cheyenne and Arapahoe opening, 
the Secretary of the Interior, expecting this; reservation to fol¬ 
low within a year, had designated it county “I” and located 
the county seat. However, the opening did not take place as 
expected, for Congress failed to ratify the agreement until 
March 2, 1895 (26 Stats,, 895), and then, owing to legal tech¬ 
nicalities encountered in carrying out the Indian allotments 
provided for, it was again delayed until 1901. 2 The agreement 
with the Kiowas, Oomanches and Apaches had been made by 
the commission October 21, 1892, and provided for allotments 
of one hundred and sixty acres each in severalty to the Indians, 
and the reservation of four hundred and eighty thousand acres 
for grazing land. This was ratified by Congress June 6, 1900 
(31 Stats., 678), and the Indian allotments having been com¬ 
pleted in this and the Wichita reservations, another act was 
passed March 3, 1901 (31 Stats., 1093), providing for the 
opening of the remaining land to settlement. 
This act provided that the lands should be opened by proclam¬ 
ation of the President, and, “to avoid the contests and con¬ 
flicting claims which have hitherto resulted from opening simi¬ 
lar lands to settlement and entry, the President* 1 proclamation 
1 Int. Dept., Misc. Repts., 1900, pt. 2, p. 671. 
2 Ibid., 1899, pt. 2, p. 742. 
