378 Wisconsin Academy of Sciences , Arts, and Letters. 
The Indians of central Oklahoma, in charge of the Sac and 
Fox agency, 1 scattered a;s they are throughout their former res¬ 
ervations wherever they chanced to take up their allotments, are 
slowly succumbing to the influence of their white neighbors and 
are beginning to cultivate their farms. But still much of their 
land is leased and cultivated by white men, while the owners live 
in idleness on the proceeds of the leases. In western Oklahoma, 
the Cheyennes and Arapahoes under the Darlington agency 2 are 
living on their allotments along the Canadian and the North 
Fork in the eastern part of their former reservation. They 
have made some advance toward civilization since taking up 
allotments, and most of them have now given up the blanket for 
citizen’s dress. In the South, the Indians under the Kiowa 
agency, 3 who were but recently given their land in severalty, are 
already showing the favorable influence of allotments and in¬ 
dustrious white neighbors, and are making considerable efforts 
to improve their farms and homes. 
CONCLUSION. 
Since the first opening of land in Oklahoma to white settle¬ 
ment, in 1889, the territory has changed from an area occupied 
by a few Indians and cattlemen to a substantial, well settled 
commonwealth covered with fine farms and thriving towns and 
partaking largely of the characteristics of the state of Kansas. 
Before this territory was five years old, the agitation for admis¬ 
sion to the Union was begun and immediately took two forms. 
There were those who favored immediate statehood for Okla¬ 
homa with the boundaries of the territory, and others who said 
that Oklahoma and Indian Territory together would make a fine 
state and that they should wait until the Indian Territory 
could be so incorporated while doing everything in their power 
to bring it about. Year by year the agitation increased, com¬ 
parative statistics were marshaled together and every possible 
reason was advanced to show the justice of Oklahoma’s demand 
1 Int. Dept, Misc. Repts., 1902, pt. 2, pp. 453-55. 
2 Ibid., pp. 456-58. 
s Ibid., pp. 459-60. 
